AUTHOR=Zheng Shumei , Wang Xiaowei , Hu Huiqiong , Xia Yongbo , Diao Xiaoyuan , Qiu Wenjing , Xue Chunyi , Cao Yongchang , Xu Zhichao 

TITLE=Emodin from Aloe inhibits Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus in cell culture

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Veterinary Science

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.978453

DOI=10.3389/fvets.2022.978453

ISSN=2297-1769

ABSTRACT=Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is an emerging swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes severe diarrhea in neonatal piglets, leading to serious economic losses. Currently there are no effective control measures for SADS, making an urgent need to exploit effective antiviral therapies. Here, we confirmed Aloe extract (Ae) can strongly inhibit SADS-CoV in Vero and IPI-FX cells in vitro. Furthermore, we detected that Emodin from Ae had anti-SADS-CoV activity in cells, but did not impaire SADS-CoV infectivity directly. Time-course-analysis showed that Emodin inhibits SADS-CoV infection at the entire stages of the viral replication cycle. Notably, we found that Emodin can significantly reduce virus particles attaching to the cell surface and induce TLR3 (p < 0.001), IFN-λ3 (p < 0.01) and ISG15 (p < 0.01) expression in IPI-FX cells, indicating that the anti-SADS-CoV activity of Emodin might be due to block viral attachment and the activation of TLR3-IFN-λ3-ISG15 signaling axis. These results suggested that Emodin has the potential value for the development of anti-SADS-CoV drugs.