AUTHOR=Yang Fan , Yang Lijun , Duan Xuecheng , Qian Yulin , Ma Huifang , Jia Xue , Huo Xinyu , Dong Wenqi , Chen Huanchun , Tan Chen 

TITLE=Isolation and identification of Mycoplasma hyorhinis and virulence evaluation of its field isolates

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Veterinary Science

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1542992

DOI=10.3389/fvets.2025.1542992

ISSN=2297-1769

ABSTRACT=IntroductionAs a prevalent swine pathogen worldwide, Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis, Mhr) is associated with various diseases, including multiple serositis, pneumonia, arthritis, and otitis media. It is also linked to the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC).MethodsM. hyorhinis prevalence in 2022 Chinese lung samples was assessed by species-specific PCR, followed by isolation and purification of field strains, followed by genetic characterization via multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Pathogenicity evaluation of three isolates (ZZ-1, GD-1 and AH-1) was evaluated using controlled piglet infection trials.ResultsMhr detection in clinical lung samples showed 31.77% prevalence. Three isolates (ZZ-1/ST166, GD-1/ST167, AH-1/ST144) were characterized by MLST. Piglet infection trials confirmed Mhr-induced polyserositis, pneumonia, and arthritis, with strain-dependent virulence variation observed.DiscussionThis study confirms M. hyorhinis as a high-prevalence pathogen (31.77%) in Chinese swine herds. Animal infection models demonstrated virulence variation among different Mhr strains. These findings contribute to identifying and assessing the threats posed by different strains to pig health, guiding the development of clinical prevention and control strategies.