AUTHOR=Dalle Palle Enrico , Tekin Koray , Stelletta Calogero 

TITLE=Nature does it better: mimicking in vivo conditions to resolve in vitro production side effects

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Veterinary Science

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1617740

DOI=10.3389/fvets.2025.1617740

ISSN=2297-1769

ABSTRACT=Oviduct represents the original place of fertilisation and early embryo development in all the domestic animals. In past time it has been considered a mere channel but new reproductive biotechnology approaches suggested the need of structurally and functionally efficient oviductal environment for in vitro embryo production. Recreating the oviductal microenvironment in IVP systems represents a paradigm shift in reproductive biotechnology. By incorporating reproductive fluids and utilising advanced 3D culture models could be reduced adverse IVP outcomes, and bring assisted reproduction closer to its natural counterpart.