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        <title>Frontiers in Veterinary Science | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Frontiers in Veterinary Science | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
        <generator>Frontiers Feed Generator,version:1</generator>
        <pubDate>2026-08-21T20:34:03.600+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1898549</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1898549</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose oral tramadol–dipyrone combination for postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy and unilateral mastectomy: a randomized clinical trial]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Sandra Mastrocinque</author><author>Karina Velloso Braga Yazbek</author><author>Richard Barrientos Rossetti</author><author>Laura Damião Gomes</author><author>Jeovan dos Santos Macedo</author><author>Amanda Cologneze Brito</author><author>Érica Vilela Barreto</author><author>Denise Tabacchi Fantoni</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionTo evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of an oral tramadol–dipyrone combination (Sindolor®) compared with tramadol or dipyrone alone in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy and unilateral mastectomy.MethodsThirty client-owned female dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy and unilateral mastectomy were randomly assigned to three treatment groups (n = 10/group): tramadol–dipyrone combination (GTD), tramadol alone (GT), or dipyrone alone (GD). At the end of surgery, all dogs received meloxicam and the first intravenous dose of the assigned treatment. Oral treatment began approximately 8 h later and continued every 8 h for 5 days. Postoperative pain was assessed using the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale–Short Form (GCMPS-SF), a dynamic interactive visual analog scale (DIVAS), and serum cortisol concentrations. Rescue analgesia with intravenous morphine was administered when predefined thresholds were reached.ResultsPain scores decreased significantly over time in all groups (p < 0.01). Despite concurrent meloxicam administration, dogs receiving dipyrone alone showed higher GCMPS-SF scores than those treated with the tramadol–dipyrone combination at D + 1 afternoon (p < 0.01). Pain incidence analysis demonstrated a higher proportion of pain-free dogs in the combination group during the early postoperative period. Overall rescue analgesia frequency did not differ significantly among groups; however, after initiation of oral treatment, rescue analgesia was required in two dogs from both GT and GD, whereas no dog in GTD required additional analgesia. Cortisol concentrations remained within the reference range in GTD, whereas transient increases above the reference interval were observed in GT and GD. No clinically relevant adverse effects were observed.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe tramadol–dipyrone combination improved early postoperative pain control in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy and unilateral mastectomy while maintaining favorable tolerability. These findings support its clinical use as part of a multimodal postoperative analgesic protocol, particularly during the early postoperative period.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1869964</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1869964</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Tumor necrosis factor alpha triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS-driven cytokine amplification in bovine fibroblast-like synoviocytes]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Natalia Andrea Godoy</author><author>Jan Gallastegui</author><author>Gabriela Velásquez</author><author>Stefanie Teuber</author><author>Sebastian Brauchi</author><author>John Quiroga</author><author>Pablo Alarcón</author><author>Gabriel Moran</author><author>María Angélica Hidalgo</author><author>Juan Hancke</author><author>Rafael Agustín Burgos</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Lameness in dairy cattle, driven by joint inflammation, involves fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) that produce inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) has been proposed as an early systemic inflammatory marker that precedes and accompanies the development of lameness in transition cows. TNF-α signaling promotes ROS production and amplifies the inflammatory response. However, the role of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) in regulating pro-inflammatory gene expression, particularly in bovine joint inflammation, remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of mtROS in TNF-α-stimulated bovine FLS. Using mitochondrial complex inhibitors, complexes I and III were identified as major contributors to mtROS generation. Antioxidants, such as N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and Mito-Tempo, suppress TNF-α-induced expression of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β, with NAC showing broader efficacy in inhibiting COX-2 expression, implicating both cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS in the inflammatory response. TNF-α increased the lactate/pyruvate ratio and the uptake of the fluorescent D-glucose analog 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-NBDG), suggesting an increase in glucose metabolism and a shift toward aerobic glycolysis. TNF-α-induced NOX2 expression was reduced by NAC and Mito-Tempo, thereby linking cytosolic ROS to inflammatory amplification. Mitochondrial networks dynamically shifted from a “networked” to “fragmented” phenotype after TNF-α exposure, accompanied by transient depolarization. Computational classification (UMAP/K-means) confirmed the morphological alterations. These findings demonstrate that mtROS and metabolic rewiring synergistically drive bovine synovial inflammation, highlighting mitochondrial dysfunction as a potential therapeutic target for joint inflammation-associated lameness.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1904772</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1904772</link>
        <title><![CDATA[First detection of African swine fever in a swine farm in Taiwan]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Fang-Yu Hsu</author><author>Kuo-Jung Tsai</author><author>Jen-Chieh Chang</author><author>Cheng-Hsiang Ni</author><author>Hsin-Meng Liu</author><author>Hsin-Pei Lu</author><author>Ming-Chung Deng</author><author>Nien-Nong Lin</author><author>Li-Hwa Du</author><author>I-Hsuan Huang</author><author>Chien-Hui Liao</author><author>Ting-Yu Cheng</author><author>Andres Perez</author><author>Jesper Chia-Hui Hsu</author><author>Yu-Liang Huang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious, high-consequence transboundary animal disease that poses a critical threat to global swine production and agricultural economics. Since its emergence in China in 2018, ASF has spread to over 20 Asia-Pacific countries, causing significant economic disruption. While Taiwan previously detected ASF virus several times in dead pigs drifting offshore, or in illegal pork-related products brought by international tourists and inspected at airport and seaport border controls, no local domestic swine farm had tested positive before this October 2025 ASF event. However, maintaining this disease-free status requires constant vigilance against evolving regional biosecurity threats.MethodsThe first ASF detection in a domestic swine herd in Taichung City, Taiwan, reported on October 22, 2025, was triggered by abnormal alerts of the monitoring system in the rendering plant; the index farm captured a cumulative herd mortality rate of 35.2% that exceeded the predefined threshold (3% mortality daily in the nursery to finish pigs). Five finisher pigs were submitted for diagnostic evaluation, which subsequently confirmed ASFV infection via real-time PCR, pathological examination, immunohistochemistry, virus isolation, and whole-genome sequencing.ResultsAffected pigs showed clinical signs including wheezing, sudden death, nasal bleeding, uncoagulated blood in the nostrils, and mild hemorrhage on the skin surface of the neck, abdomen, and buttocks. Histopathological examination revealed severe multisystemic hemorrhagic lesions. Based on assay results of the P72, P54, P30, and CD2v genes, and whole-genome sequence, phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the isolate (ASFV/TWN/2025) is a genotype I/II recombinant strain, most similar to prevailing strains isolated in China and Vietnam, sharing 99.95%–99.97% and 99.92%–99.97% nucleotide similarity of whole genome sequence, respectively.DiscussionUpon confirmation of the ASF case, authorities immediately implemented a nationwide swine movement standstill for 15 days to mitigate transmission risk. To date, no secondary cases have been detected. This article details the early monitoring and rapid diagnosis process of the first case of ASF infection in a farm in Taiwan, and highlights the information from this case to provide lessons for disease diagnosis and prevention in ASF-free areas.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1885581</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1885581</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case Report: From critical trauma to functional recovery: a novel surgical and hand-rearing strategy in a neonatal Hamadryas baboon (Papio hamadryas)]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Prashant Shivaji Gurav</author><author>Anand Rajshekhar Dadke</author><author>Swapnil Ashokrao Jadhav</author><author>Rucha Gaurav Shrivastav</author><author>Mahesh Babasaheb Pawar</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Infanticide and infant-directed aggression are recognized behaviors in non-human primates and can occasionally lead to severe neonatal trauma. This report describes the successful management of a life-threatening anorectal and sacro-coccygeal injury in a neonatal Hamadryas baboon (Papio hamadryas) following an aggressive encounter with an adult male. The neonate presented in critical condition with profuse hemorrhage, sacro-coccygeal dislocation, and extensive damage to the perineal and anorectal tissues, resulting in hypovolemia and hemodynamic instability. After initial stabilization, emergency surgery was performed under isoflurane anesthesia. Owing to complete dislocation and non-viability of the distal tail, a therapeutic caudectomy was carried out, accompanied by anorectal reconstruction through debridement, mobilization of the rectal mucosa, and restoration of anorectal continuity. A temporary rectal stent was placed to maintain patency during healing. Post-operative management included antimicrobial therapy, analgesia, thermal support, and intensive monitoring. Considering the risk of recurrent aggression, the infant was subsequently hand-reared under controlled environmental conditions with structured nutritional support. Steady weight gain from 602 g at birth to 1.5 kg at 15 weeks, along with the return of normal fecal passage, indicated satisfactory functional recovery. This case highlights the importance of prompt stabilization, meticulous surgical intervention, and dedicated post-operative care in achieving favorable outcomes following severe anorectal trauma in neonatal non-human primates. It also contributes to the limited body of literature describing caudectomy and anorectal reconstruction in this age group.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1917943</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1917943</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Development of an ERA-CRISPR/Cas12a-based visual diagnostic assay for bovine babesiosis]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Yongchang Li</author><author>Xiujuan Feng</author><author>Xianyue Fu</author><author>Fakiha Kalim</author><author>Shiyun Li</author><author>Iqra Zafar</author><author>Mohamed Abdo Rizk</author><author>Zeyun Cui</author><author>Bayin Chahan</author><author>Yinke Li</author><author>Dongpo Ning</author><author>Qingyong Guo</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Bovine babesiosis, caused by Babesia bovis, is a tick-borne hemoparasitic disease causing substantial economic losses to cattle industries worldwide. Current diagnostic methods, particularly microscopy, lack sensitivity for subclinical infections, while molecular assays require sophisticated equipment unsuitable for field use. To address this gap, we developed a novel diagnostic assay integrating enzymatic recombinase amplification (ERA) with CRISPR-Cas12a-mediated trans-cleavage, targeting the B. bovis spherical body protein 2 (SBP2) gene. The assay enables visual readout via UV/blue light fluorescence and lateral flow strips. Following systematic optimization of primers, crRNA, reaction temperature, and reporter concentration, the ERA-CRISPR/Cas12a system achieved complete amplification within 20 min at 37 °C and demonstrated a detection limit of 10 copies/μL with high specificity for B. bovis. comparable diagnostic performance with conventional PCR within the tested sample panel. The fluorescence readout achieved a detection limit of 101 copies/μL, while the lateral-flow strip format exhibited a detection limit of 104 copies/μL. The entire procedure, from DNA extraction (approximately 30 min) to final result readout (ERA: 20 min; CRISPR-Cas12a: 20 min), can be completed within approximately 70 min. This detection method supports two types of visual detection: portable blue light and test strips, and is suitable for on-site environments with limited resources. This work provides a practical diagnostic tool for rapid, accurate detection of bovine babesiosis, with potential applicability to other veterinary pathogens.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1778389</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1778389</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case Report: Long-term outcomes after surgery for spinal infiltrative lipoma in two dogs]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Lucinda L. Van Stee</author><author>Sarah J. Van Rijn</author><author>Wilhelmina Bergmann</author><author>Björn P. Meij</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionAn eight-year-old male intact shepherd mixed breed dog (case 1) and a 6-month-old intact female Picardy sheepdog (case 2) were referred to a Veterinary Teaching Hospital with the diagnosis of infiltrative lipoma causing spinal cord compression.Case presentationsCase 1 presented with a history of intermittent tremors and right forelimb lameness. Clinical examination revealed an expansive, ill-defined, non-movable, soft tissue mass palpable on the right hemithorax and a mild pelvic limb paraparesis. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a large mass with evidence of infiltration into the thoracic vertebrae and spinal canal at the level of the thoracic (T) vertebrae 1-3. En bloc resection of the extra-spinal portion of the mass was performed followed by careful debridement of the affected spinal processes and removal of the spinal canal portion of the tumor. Histopathological evaluation confirmed an infiltrative lipoma with compressive osteolysis of the dorsal spinal processes. Within 24 hours after surgery, clinical signs disappeared. Follow up CT at 2 and 38 months, and examination at 10, 24, 32 and 38 months after surgery showed no evidence of remaining tumor mass or recurrence of clinical signs. The dog died of non-related disease at 51 months after surgery. Case 2 presented with a large, and slow growing mass over the right lumbar area, that had been present since birth. The dog did not show any clinical or neurological signs. MRI identified a mass extending from T13 to the 6th lumbar (L) vertebrae, and infiltration into the spinal canal with spinal cord compression at the level of Ll-L5. En bloc resection of the extraspinal portion of the mass was performed, followed by meticulous removal of the involved parts of the vertebrae and intraspinal portion of the mass. Histopathological evaluation confirmed infiltrative lipoma, with no obvious infiltration of the bone. Follow up MRI at 6, 18 and 30 months, showed remnant lipoma tissue in the retroperitoneal space without spinal involvement. At 45 months after surgery, the dog was still free of clinical signs.ConclusionIt is concluded that en bloc resection with meticulous local debridement of infiltrative lipomas causing spinal cord compression can render long-term local disease control.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1883753</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1883753</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A field-applicable point-based triage score (CRTS) to identify goats with ultrasonographic lung consolidation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Giuliano Borriello</author><author>Sara Ferrini</author><author>Alice Zantonelli</author><author>Giulia Cagnotti</author><author>Lisa Reinero</author><author>Martina Sannazzaro</author><author>Simona Zoppi</author><author>Antonio D'Angelo</author><author>Claudio Bellino</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionRespiratory disease in goats is frequently assessed using non–species-specific clinical scoring schemes, yet evidence on their agreement with thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) is limited. This study compared standardized clinical respiratory scores with TUS lung consolidation in adult goats and developed a goat-adapted triage score (Caprine Respiratory Triage Score, CRTS).MethodsAdult goats from 12 farms (n = 214; March 2025–January 2026) underwent standardized clinical examination and TUS. Lung consolidation was evaluated as any consolidation and by depth-based thresholds (>1.0 cm and > 1.5cm). The Wisconsin score (WI) was analyzed both as W+ (WI ≥ 5) and as a continuous predictor. A lamb clinical score and a score used for adult cow (BRD3) were adapted and evaluated in goats. Two goat-adapted point-based scores were assessed, including a regression-weighted score (CRTS) based on presence/absence of nasal discharge, ocular discharge, cough, rectal temperature (≥ 40.0 °C), and respiratory rate (≥ 40/min). Discrimination was quantified using AUC and cumulative-prevalence gradients across increasing score thresholds.ResultsWI showed high specificity but low sensitivity at WI≥ 5, and moderate discrimination as a continuous predictor (AUC 0.685 for any consolidation; 0.708 for >1.0 cm; 0.724 for >1.5 cm). The lamb score performed similarly (AUC 0.686, 0.702, and 0.714) and its class-based thresholds did not translate to goats. Goat scores improved discrimination: BRD3 adapted for goats AUCs were 0.725, 0.770, and 0.773, while CRTS achieved the highest AUCs (0.738, 0.771, and 0.778). Cumulative-prevalence curves showed increasing probability of consolidation at higher score values (e.g., 66.7% at BRD3 adapted for goats ≥7 and 71.4% at CRTS ≥ 9 for any consolidation). A visual-only CRTS variant excluding rectal temperature retained similar discrimination (AUC 0.736–0.771; −0.3%–−0.9% relative change).DiscussionStandardized calf- and lamb-derived scores showed only moderate agreement with goat TUS consolidation, particularly for mild lesions. The CRTS better ranked goats by probability of ultrasonographic lung consolidation and may support field triage for TUS, with an optional non-invasive variant when animal handling is constrained.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1916007</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1916007</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Dogs display context-dependent behavioral responses to subtle owner-derived multimodal stimuli]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Rio Ikeda</author><author>Maaya Saito</author><author>Yuki Iwata</author><author>Takumi Ozono</author><author>Tsige Tadesse Alemayoh</author><author>Takatomi Kubo</author><author>Ei-Ichi Izawa</author><author>Koichi Fujiwara</author><author>Toshitaka Yamakawa</author><author>Kazunori Ohno</author><author>Takefumi Kikusui</author><author>Miho Nagasawa</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionDogs (Canis familiaris) can discriminate explicit human emotions using various sensory modalities. However, their sensitivity to subtle human-derived emotional cues accompanied by physiological changes, but lacking clear behavioral cues, remains poorly understood. This study investigated whether dogs could perceive owner-derived emotional cues when suppressing explicit expressions.MethodsOwners were assigned to either stress or relaxation conditions designed to induce stress or relaxation, respectively. Following the experimental manipulation, facial video, voice, and olfactory samples were collected during a standardized reading task and simultaneously presented to the dogs. The behavioral responses and heart rate variability (HRV) of the dogs during stimulus presentation were recorded.ResultsOwners exhibited elevated physiological arousal during both the control and stress induction periods, whereas negative mood increased only during stress induction. In response to these owner-derived stimuli, dogs under the stress condition displayed greater stimulus-directed attention toward control-derived stimuli than toward stress-derived stimuli. No clear effects of condition or stimulus type on dog HRV were observed; however, SDNN-based physiological synchrony between owners and dogs tended to increase with stress-derived stimuli.DiscussionOur results suggest that dogs respond to complex owner-derived stimuli in a context-dependent manner. These findings suggest that dogs may respond to subtle combinations of owner-derived cues that reflect physiological arousal, subjective emotional state, and task-related influences.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1910028</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1910028</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Veterinary student wellbeing and its relationship with dog handling and fear responses during a clinical examination laboratory]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Lindsay Nakonechny</author><author>Viera Pulver</author><author>Elpida Artemiou</author><author>Anastasia Chiara Stellato</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionVeterinary care can be a significant source of fear and stress for dogs, and handling techniques play a key role in shaping these responses. Emerging evidence suggests that clinician mental wellbeing and stress can influence patient interactions. These challenges extend to veterinary students, who experience high stress during training and represent a critical population for understanding how these influences may emerge in clinical development. During a clinical examination laboratory, we aimed to assess (1) associations among veterinary students’ mental well-being and affective state, dog handling techniques, and dog fear responses, (2) whether dog fear responses were associated with students’ affective state, and (3) how students’ assessments of dog fear compared with investigator-rated fear scores.MethodsThird-year veterinary students (n = 66) performed physical examinations on dogs (n = 13) and communicated findings to a simulated client. Student mental well-being and affective state were measured using the WHO-5 and PANAS-SF, respectively. Following the laboratory, students rated the dog’s level of fear during the examination using a validated 5-item scale (0 = no fear, 4 = severe fear). Dog behavior and handling techniques were assessed from videos using one–zero sampling, with fear-related behaviors measured using an ethogram and the 5-item fear scale. Mixed regression models examined associations between student and examination factors, and dog fear outcomes.ResultsPassive handling was associated with lower dog fear scores and fear-related behaviors; whereas more restrictive techniques, including standing restraint, abdominal lift, and muzzle hold, were associated with higher fear scores and behaviors (e.g., avoidance, reduced posture, lip/snout licking). Students assigned lower dog fear scores compared to the investigator (p < 0.001). Student mental well-being and affective state was not associated with handling techniques or dog fear outcomes; however, negative affect decreased post-laboratory (p < 0.001) and was associated with higher student-rated dog fear scores (p = 0.017).DiscussionThese findings highlight the influence of handling techniques on dog fear responses during clinical training and suggest the need for enhanced education in behavior recognition. Although student well-being was not associated with dog handling, supporting resilience during training may foster positive clinical interactions throughout veterinary careers.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1896506</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1896506</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Territorial expansion and parasitic zoonoses: the pampas gray fox in Argentina as a case study and its educational potential for prevention]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Opinion</category>
        <author>Damian Alberto Lampert</author><author>Matias Russo</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1906498</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1906498</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Development and epidemiological investigation of a TaqMan-based multiplex real-time quantitative PCR assay for simultaneous detection of five bovine viruses (BVDV, AKAV, BNoV, BEV, and BCoV)]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Hanjia Zhang</author><author>Yanbing Bai</author><author>Fan Zhang</author><author>Xuanyi Liu</author><author>Chunling Guo</author><author>Linyue Zhou</author><author>Ruichi Zhang</author><author>Sisi Wang</author><author>Qingfeng Meng</author><author>Hao Dong</author>
        <description><![CDATA[InroductionInfectious diseases caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), Akabane virus (AKAV), bovine norovirus (BNoV), bovine enterovirus (BEV), and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) significantly threaten the cattle industry, resulting in substantial economic losses. These pathogens often present similar clinical signs, such as diarrhea, vomiting, and reproductive disorders in pregnant cattle, and frequent covert or mixed infections further complicate accurate diagnosis. Therefore, rapid, sensitive, and field‑deployable diagnostic methods are essential for effective disease surveillance and control in the cattle industry.MethodsIn this study, we report for the first time the establishment of a TaqMan‑based real‑time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay that enables simultaneous detection of these five bovine viruses. Multiple sequence alignment of conserved genomic regions was performed, and virus‑specific primers and probes were designed and optimized using Beacon Designer 7 software. Subsequently, a TaqMan‑based multiplex real‑time qPCR assay was established for simultaneous detection of BVDV, AKAV, BNoV, BEV, and BCoV. The established detection method was applied to 200 clinical samples collected from 10 farms in multiple regions of Jilin Province.ResultsThe results showed that the detection rates for BVDV, AKAV, BNoV, BEV, and BCoV were 33.50%, 0.50%, 4.50%, 7.50%, and 12.00%, respectively. Mixed infections were detected in 9 samples co‑infected with two of the five pathogens, with an overall mixed infection rate of 4.50%. Compared with conventional PCR, coincidence rates were 100% for BVDV, AKAV, BNoV, BEV, and BCoV.DiscussionThese findings indicate that the TaqMan multiplex real‑time qPCR assay developed here demonstrates favorable specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. This assay enables efficient detection and surveillance of bovine viruses, offering a reliable technical tool for the diagnosis and control of corresponding viral diseases in cattle.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1860743</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1860743</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Association between animal welfare indicators and mastitis pathogens in bulk tank milk: the reality of small- and medium-scale dairy cattle farms in Italy]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Dáša Schleicherová</author><author>Jatziri Mota-Gutierrez</author><author>Claudio Forte</author><author>Laura Ozella</author><author>Francesca Fusi</author><author>Mario Vevey</author><author>Stefania Bergagna</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionAnimal welfare is increasingly recognized as a key determinant of dairy herd health, yet its relationship with the presence of mastitis pathogens at the herd level remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to evaluate the association between animal welfare indicators and the presence of major mastitis pathogens in bulk tank milk (BTM) from dairy cattle herds in the Aosta Valley, Italy, while also characterizing microbial profiles using bacteriological culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).MethodsA broad microbiological screening was performed on unique BTM samples from 490 individual farms. Concurrently, a subset of 355 small- and medium-scale dairy cattle farms underwent detailed animal welfare assessments using the standardized ClassyFarm protocol. Data were collected by experienced assessors in northern Italy in 2022, with each farm visited once.ResultsThe median lactating herd size was 33 cows (IQR: 57–18) and included Aosta Red Pied and Aosta Black Pied cattle breeds. All farms were tie-stall in the Aosta Valley, where herds are grazed outdoors for most of the year and kept indoors in tied-stalls during winter. BC identified at least one pathogen in 73.5% of samples, with most positive samples exhibiting low diversity, predominantly single (48.6%) or dual-species (41.1%) profiles. Staphylococcus aureus (N = 281) and Streptococcus agalactiae (N = 148) were the most frequently isolated pathogens. In contrast, PCR revealed prevalence of polymicrobial contamination, with the majority of samples harboring four or more bacterial species and 44.4% containing ≥5 species. Logistic regression models built using the binary PCR outcomes for the 355-farm subset demonstrated consistent negative associations between animal welfare indicators and the presence of both S. agalactiae and S. aureus. Higher total animal welfare scores were associated with reduced odds of detection (S. agalactiae: OR = 0.943, p ≤ 0.001; S. aureus: OR = 0.948, p = 0.005), as were animal-based measures, farm management, and housing and equipment scores.DiscussionThese findings provide evidence that improved animal welfare is associated with a lower likelihood of major mastitis pathogens in BTM.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1927413</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1927413</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Influence of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) pulp on in vitro fermentation kinetics, methanogenesis, and total gas production of wheat straw in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-20T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Avijit Dey</author><author>Shubham Thakur</author><author>Sanjay Kumar</author><author>Tirtha Kumar Datta</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionWheat straw (WS) is one of the major crop residues and valuable feed resources for livestock reared by the resource-poor farmers of many Asian countries. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a cash crop produced all over the world for sugar production by the industries. Strategic supplementation of sugar beet pulp (SBP) to a WS-based diet could modulate rumen fermentation by supplying highly fermentable carbohydrates to rumen microbes, thereby improving utilization of WS. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the influence of SBP in modulating rumen fermentation kinetics, volatile fatty acid production, enzyme activities, and methanogenesis of WS using rumen liquor of water buffalo.MethodsIn vitro fermentation kinetics was conducted using the automatic gas production system for 72 h at 39 °C with rumen liquor of buffalo.ResultsSupplementing SBP either at 10% or 20% to WS enhanced (p < 0.05) total gas production, potential gas production (b) and rate (per h) of gas production (c). Despite the enhanced (p < 0.05) true degradability of dry matter, organic matter digestibility, and metabolizable energy content of the composite feeds supplemented with SBP, methanogenesis was comparable (p > 0.05) to that in the control. The supplementation of SBP also enhanced (p < 0.05) volatile fatty acid production and fibrolytic enzyme activities (CMCase and xylanase).DiscussionThis study demonstrates that SBP, a widely available by-product of the sugar industry, could be an advisable choice to enhance the utilization of WS, thereby improving livestock productivity.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1812885</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1812885</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of fresh and processed Vitis vinifera (grape) ingestion in dogs and cats]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-19T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Kara D. Altman</author><author>Tanvi A. Kamat</author><author>Lucy Leicester</author><author>Tim Fraser</author><author>David A. Singleton</author><author>Neus Elias Santo-Domingo</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionVitis vinifera fruits are common household toxicants and domestic pets are often presented to veterinarians following exposure due to risk of acute kidney injury.ObjectiveTo develop a regular expression–based method for identifying cases of Vitis vinifera fruit ingestion in electronic health records and to use this dataset to compare outcomes between fresh and processed exposures in canines and felines. Secondary aims were to characterize differences in outcome by species, demographics, seasonality, chocolate co-ingestion, and treatment patterns to inform risk stratification and management.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional analysis was performed using emergency-care electronic health records from 64 United Kingdom–based private veterinary emergency centers between 2018 and 2024. Iteratively refined Python-based regular expressions were developed and validated to identify suspected or confirmed ingestion from free-text clinical narratives. Cases with confounding toxicities or incomplete records were excluded. Demographic, treatment, and outcome data were extracted. Mortality analyses were conducted by species with correction for multiple comparisons. Decision tree models were developed for canines and felines using stratified training and testing datasets with Bayesian hyperparameter optimization. Model performance was assessed using average precision on held-out data.Results31,425 probable canine cases and 1,030 probable feline cases were identified. Processed fruit ingestion was more common than fresh fruit ingestion in both species (canines: 61.6% versus 31.2%; felines: 65.0% versus 31.1%), with seasonal clustering in December (canines: 22.0%; felines: 15.5%). Mortality was 1.3%, significantly higher in felines (11.8%) than in canines (0.9%). Fresh fruit ingestion was associated with higher mortality in both species (canine relative risk 3.47; feline relative risk 3.13). Age was associated with mortality in both species, and increased weight was associated with mortality in canines only. Chocolate co-ingestion was not associated with increased mortality. Treatment differed by species, with emesis more common in canines and intravenous fluids more frequent in felines. Decision tree analysis identified decontamination as the strongest predictor of survival.Clinical significanceVitis vinifera ingestion is common in canine emergency presentations and less frequent but more fatal in felines. Fresh fruit ingestion carries higher mortality risk in both species. Gastrointestinal decontamination was the variable most strongly associated with favorable outcomes and supports prompt, species-specific management strategies.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1889901</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1889901</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Polyherbal therapy modulates survival, hematological parameters, and gill health in Aeromonas veronii-infected Cyprinus carpio]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-19T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Omed I. Abid</author><author>Nasreen M. Abdulrahman</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study evaluated the protective effects of pomegranate peel, garlic, and a polyherbal mixture (PHM) against Aeromonas veronii-associated gill disease in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A total of 234 healthy fish were allocated into 13 groups, including one uninfected control group and 12 experimentally infected groups. Infected fish received diets supplemented with oxytetracycline, garlic (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%), pomegranate peel (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%), or PHM at equivalent concentrations for 14 days. Untreated infected fish and garlic-treated groups exhibited 100% mortality within 14 days post-infection. In contrast, PHM supplementation significantly improved survival, achieving up to 94% survival (P < 0.05). PHM-treated fish also demonstrated improved hematological parameters, enhanced immune-associated responses, and reduced alterations in liver enzyme activities compared with infected controls. Histopathological examination revealed that PHM preserved gill architecture and reduced epithelial degeneration, necrosis, and hyperplasia associated with A. veronii infection. These findings demonstrate that dietary PHM supplementation enhances resistance to A. veronii infection and improves several health-related parameters in experimentally challenged common carp. The observed protective effects may be associated with the bioactive phytochemical constituents identified by GC–MS analysis; however, the precise mechanisms of action remain to be elucidated. Furthermore, additional studies are required to evaluate long-term safety under non-challenged conditions and to further characterize the biological activities of PHM.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1805112</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1805112</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Mobilome-driven antimicrobial resistance in a one health context: evidence and lessons from Africa]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-19T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Zikora Kizito Glory Anyaegbunam</author><author>Yandev Doowuese</author><author>Chibuzor Kenneth Uwazie</author><author>Theophilus Ajanaobionye</author><author>Chinaka Chinwe Blessing</author><author>Emeter Nkoli Winifred</author><author>Onyekachi Philomena Okeke</author><author>Ifeanyi Elibe Mba</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most urgent global health threats and is increasingly recognized as a One Health challenge driven by interactions among human, animal, and environmental reservoirs. Central to the emergence and dissemination of AMR across these interfaces are mobile genetic elements (MGEs), which form an interconnected mobilome capable of transferring resistance genes across bacterial taxa and ecological niches. These elements facilitate the accumulation and spread of multidrug resistance determinants and are shaped by co-selective pressures operating at the animal–environment–human interface. Despite their critical role, genomic surveillance of MGEs remains limited, particularly in high-burden regions such as Africa. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from published genomic surveillance studies, primarily whole-genome sequencing–based analyses, to examine the distribution and dynamics of AMR genes and MGEs across One Health interfaces. We highlight animal–environmental systems as major hotspots for mobilome-driven resistance dissemination and also evaluate key advances, methodological approaches, and persistent surveillance challenges and gaps specific across Africa. By integrating findings from diverse genomic studies, and highlighting key lessons and implementation gaps from One Health studies across Africa, this review underscores the need for coordinated One Health surveillance strategies to better capture mobilome dynamics and inform sustainable AMR control efforts.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1866908</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1866908</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Comparative analysis of anesthetic protocols in spontaneously hypertensive rats with sepsis-induced hemodynamic instability]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-19T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Maria Alcione Silva Gomes</author><author>Aline Aparecida Macedo Marques</author><author>Gabriela Pereira da Silva</author><author>Luana Ale Bertoncello Pael</author><author>Maria Medina de Azevedo</author><author>Maria Luiza Fidelis da Silva</author><author>Joyner David Anaya Miranda</author><author>Bianca Viana Silva</author><author>Telma Lélia Gonçalves Schultz de Carvalho</author><author>Isabela Marafon Souza Féliz</author><author>Sílvia Beatriz Bürger Tinelli</author><author>Juliana Cappellari</author><author>Salviano Tramontin Bellettini</author><author>Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço</author><author>Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionSepsis remains a significant clinical challenge characterized by complex inflammatory responses and hemodynamic instability, often modeled via cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). This study investigated the cardiovascular impacts of various anesthetic protocols in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) subjected to abdominal sepsis.MethodsSeptic SHR were allocated into five anesthetic groups: ketamine-xylazine, fentanyl-diazepam, fentanyl-dexmedetomidine, ketamine-dexmedetomidine, and inhaled isoflurane (2–3%), alongside an unanesthetized septic control. Evaluations included electrocardiography, arterial blood pressure monitoring, blood gas analysis, biochemical profiling, mesenteric vascular reactivity, and histopathology of the heart, kidney, and aorta.ResultsInjectable combinations (ketamine-xylazine, fentanyl-diazepam, fentanyl-dexmedetomidine, and ketamine-dexmedetomidine) induced significant electrocardiographic alterations, hypotension, tissue hypoxia, increased oxidative stress, and elevated serum creatinine. Conversely, isoflurane-anesthetized rats maintained hemodynamic and biochemical stability, showing no significant deviations from the septic control group.ConclusionIsoflurane demonstrated superior cardiovascular safety in hypertensive rats during sepsis-induced instability. These findings suggest that while isoflurane is the preferred anesthetic for this specific model, protocol selection must be tailored to the experimental context.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1896929</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1896929</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A color-coded atlas of the cortical surface anatomy of the equine brain]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-19T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ahmad Al Aiyan</author><author>Sara Altamimy</author><author>Meera Almansoury</author><author>Rinsha Balan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThe horse has a highly gyrencephalic cerebrum; however, detailed references of equine cortical surface anatomy remain limited, and terminology inconsistencies continue to complicate comparative, clinical, and educational applications. This research focused on creating a standardized, high-resolution, color-coded atlas of equine brain sulci and gyri, based on the Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria (NAV).MethodsBrains from ten neurologically normal horses were examined. Following fixation and dissection, the sulci and gyri of the lateral, dorsal, rostral, and medial surfaces were documented, color-coded, and labeled according to NAV terminology.ResultsThe atlas documented a consistent lateral network dominated by the Sylvian fissure with an accessory Sylvian fissure at its origin, a three-limbed ectosylvian sulcus that subdivides the ectosylvian gyrus, a continuous suprasylvian sulcus, and a distinct oblique sulcus. Dorsally, the coronal, cruciate, and ansate sulci are complemented by a well-developed marginal complex (marginal, ectomarginal, and endomarginal sulci). Medially, the genual region is resolved into genual, endogenual, and ectogenual sulci; the callosal and cingulate sulci run in parallel; and the splenial complex (splenial, endosplenial, and ectosplenial) is consistently identifiable alongside the medial rhinal sulcus. Across specimens, major sulci and gyri were observed, with variation limited primarily to differences in sulcal depth and branching patterns.ConclusionThis standardized, color-coded surface atlas provides a detailed reference for equine cortical anatomy, facilitates cross-species comparison, and offers a practical anatomical resource for neuroimaging interpretation, anatomical orientation, and veterinary education. The atlas serves as a specimen-based resource that may provide an anatomical framework for future morphometric, developmental, and functional investigations.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1816089</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1816089</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Mode-dependent differences in kinetic and selected temporospatial gait parameters in healthy cats walking on a pressure-sensitive treadmill: a pilot study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-19T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Monika Anna Mille</author><author>Dorothea Weissig</author><author>Britta Dobenecker</author><author>Erik Björn Mille</author><author>Yury Zablotski</author><author>Susanne Katja Lauer</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundStandardized and repeatable assessment of feline gait remains challenging, highlighting the need for controlled measurement systems such as pressure-sensitive treadmills.ObjectivesThis study aimed to compare kinetic and temporospatial gait parameters in healthy cats walking on a treadmill operated in standing vs. running mode. We hypothesized that no significant differences would be observed between modes.MethodsTen healthy adult cats were enrolled in a prospective, controlled crossover study. Inclusion criteria included body weight >4.0 kg, body condition score (BCS) 4–6/9, and age >24 months. Cats walked on a pressure-sensitive treadmill (FDM-T-CanidGait®, zebris Medical GmbH, Isny, Germany) under two conditions: standing mode (stationary belt) and running mode (moving belt). Five 2-min trials per mode were recorded. Kinetic and temporospatial gait parameters were assessed, including peak vertical force, vertical impulse, stride length, stance and swing phase duration, and step width. Right and left limb data were pooled and analyzed collectively as forelimbs (FL) and hindlimbs (HL). Data were analyzed using robust linear mixed-effects models (R 4.4.3), with significance set at p < 0.05.ResultsSignificant differences between treadmill modes were detected for peak vertical force and vertical impulse in both forelimbs and hindlimbs (p < 0.01). Forelimb swing and stance phase durations also differed significantly (p < 0.05). In contrast, stride length, step width, and hindlimb temporal parameters did not differ significantly between modes. Estimated differences were generally small in magnitude across variables.ConclusionIn healthy cats, stride length, step width, and hindlimb temporal parameters were comparable between standing and running treadmill modes. In contrast, kinetic variables (peak vertical force and vertical impulse) and forelimb stance and swing phase durations differed significantly between modes and should therefore be interpreted only within the same treadmill mode. These findings indicate that treadmill modes may be used interchangeably for selected temporospatial parameters but not for kinetic variables or forelimb temporal parameters.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1889103</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1889103</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Hendra virus: research progress on a bat-borne threat lurking at the human-animal interface]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-19T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Yanqin Duan</author><author>Menghan Xu</author><author>Xuan Huang</author><author>Qi Liu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Hendra virus (HeV) is a highly lethal zoonotic henipavirus that has caused recurrent cross-species spillover events in Australia since 1994. Its capacity for cross-species spillover, together with its tropism for vascular endothelial and neural tissues, makes HeV important to veterinary medicine and public health. Flying foxes are the natural reservoir hosts, and horses act as intermediate and amplifying hosts through which all confirmed human infections have occurred. Detection of antibodies and viral RNA from related henipaviruses in Southeast Asian bats indicates regional henipavirus diversity and a possible broader henipavirus spillover risk, but does not demonstrate HeV circulation or transmission in Southeast Asia. Human HeV infection is rare but can cause severe respiratory and neurological disease. From a veterinary-oriented One Health perspective, this review integrates current evidence on viral biology, transmission, clinical disease, diagnostics, animal models, equine vaccination, and clinical-stage vaccines and antibody-based interventions, with particular attention to HeV-g2-associated diagnostic challenges and the role of equine vaccination in reducing occupational exposure.]]></description>
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