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        <title>Frontiers in Veterinary Science | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Frontiers in Veterinary Science | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-05-12T01:19:58.544+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1848905</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1848905</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: One-step and two-step qPCR assays for CAPRV2023: development and application in full-cycle epidemiological surveillance of golden pompano]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Heng Sun</author><author>Bissih Fred</author><author>Haoyu Wang</author><author>Jie Huang</author><author>Zihao Wu</author><author>Dandan Wu</author><author>Yishan Lu</author><author>Jichang Jian</author><author>Yucong Huang</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1785223</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1785223</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Vibrio vulnificus outer membrane vesicles induce mitochondrial dysfunction in macrophages via the TNF signaling pathway]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jun Li</author><author>Luying Wang</author><author>Yafang Zhou</author><author>Lijie Fan</author><author>Yongliang Lou</author><author>Xingxing Xiao</author><author>Shuai Gao</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus) is a highly virulent zoonotic pathogen causing severe septicemia and tissue necrosis in humans, characterized by a cytokine storm. While bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are known to mediate host-pathogen interactions, their specific contribution to V. vulnificus-induced immunopathology remains obscure. In this study, we isolated and characterized V. vulnificus-derived OMVs and investigated their impact on murine macrophages (J774A.1). We demonstrate that these OMVs are actively internalized by macrophages in a time-dependent manner, triggering a robust pro-inflammatory response. Transcriptomic analysis and subsequent validation revealed that internalized OMVs activated the TNF signaling pathway, leading to the phosphorylation of NF-κB and MAPK (p38/JNK) cascades. Crucially, OMV exposure induced severe mitochondrial dysfunction, evidenced by ultrastructural disruption and a significant reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential. Notably, pharmacological blockade of the TNF receptor with the antagonist R-7050 effectively attenuated this mitochondrial damage. These findings establish a novel pathogenic mechanism wherein V. vulnificus OMVs exploit the host TNF signaling axis to drive mitochondrial injury, providing new insights into the cellular mechanisms of V. vulnificus lethality and suggesting the TNF-mitochondria axis as a potential therapeutic target.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1807298</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1807298</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Ultrasonographic estimation of central venous pressure using the caudal vena cava to aorta ratio in dogs: a proof-of-concept study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Maxime Cambournac</author><author>Isabelle Goy-Thollot</author><author>Céline Pouzot-Nevoret</author>
        <description><![CDATA[ContextCentral venous pressure (CVP) might be used to guide fluid therapy in critically ill patients, but its invasive nature and associated risks have prompted growing interest in non-invasive alternatives such as ultrasonographic vascular indices.ObjectivesTo evaluate the correlation between the caudal vena cava (CVC) to aorta (Ao) (CVC:Ao) ratio and central venous pressure (CVP) and explore the use of this correlation for discriminating CVP values.Materials and methodsIntermittent CVP measurements were obtained using a water-filled fluid column in dogs admitted for renal replacement therapy. Low (LCVP), normal (NCVP) and high CVP (HCVP) were defined as values of <0, between 0 and 5, and >5 cmH2O (centimeters of water pressure), respectively. The sonographic assessment of volaemia (SAV) protocol was used to obtain the CVC:Ao ratio in the end-expiratory phase.ResultsFourteen dogs and 28 CVC:Ao ratio-CVP paired measurements were included. The CVP (in cmH2O) was estimated from the CVC:Ao ratio using the generated equation CVP = 20.9*(CVC:Ao)–19.44 (R = 0.69, p < 0.0001). The median CVC:Ao ratios differed significantly among groups at 0.91, 1.00, and 1.12 for LCVP, NCVP and HCVP, respectively (p = 0.0014). Using a CVC:Ao ratio <0.97, the sensitivity and specificity for detecting LCVP were 87.5 and 72.7%, respectively. Using a CVC:Ao ratio >1.09, the sensitivity and specificity for detecting HCVP were 66.7 and 90.9%, respectively.Clinical significanceThe CVC:Ao ratio may be used as a surrogate non-invasive marker for estimating CVP in spontaneously breathing dogs. A CVP < 0 cmH2O is likely if the CVC:Ao ratio is <0.97, and a CVP > 5 cmH2O is likely if the ratio is >1.09.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1821436</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1821436</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Canine leishmaniasis seroprevalence in asymptomatic dogs: results from an epidemiological study in endemic Mediterranean countries]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Manuela Gizzarelli</author><author>Gaetano Oliva</author><author>Ines Balestrino</author><author>Alexandra Beck</author><author>Thomas Blondel</author><author>Alessia Crippa</author><author>Cécile Collignon</author><author>Valentina Foglia Manzillo</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionCanine leishmaniosis (CanL), caused by Leishmania infantum, is a major zoonotic disease in Mediterranean countries, where dogs act as the primary reservoir for transmission by phlebotomine sand flies. A significant proportion of infected dogs remain in an asymptomatic subclinical (AS) state and may contribute to maintaining the parasite’s transmission cycle. Identifying these AS dogs is essential for disease surveillance and for implementing effective preventive strategies.MethodsFrom January to April 2024, the non-transmission period for sand flies, 548 clinically healthy dogs were enrolled in France, Greece, Italy, and Spain during routine veterinary visits. Dogs underwent clinical examination and rapid immunochromatographic testing for anti-Leishmania antibodies. Demographic and clinical variables were recorded, and statistical analyses were performed to explore associations between test positivity and factors including age, sex, body weight, sample matrix, and country of residenceResultsOverall seroprevalence was 7.3%, with marked variation among countries: France (2.9%), Spain (3.2%), Italy (8.8%), and Greece (19%). Univariable analysis showed no significant association between rapid test positivity and age, sex, or body weight. In contrast, country and sample material (plasma vs serum) were significantly associated with test results. In the multivariable model, only the country remained a significant predictor. A relevant proportion of seropositive asymptomatic dogs was detected among owned healthy dogs in endemic European regions, highlighting their potential epidemiological role in sustaining L. infantum transmission.DiscussionThese findings underscore the crucial role of veterinarians in promoting regular screening of clinically healthy dogs, increasing owner awareness of CanL, and encouraging the use of effective repellent-based parasiticides to reduce the risk of parasite transmission.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1820849</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1820849</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Case Report: Osteosarcoma following traumatic injury in a juvenile Argentine black and white tegu (Salvator merianae)]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Case Report</category>
        <author>Sungryong Kim</author><author>Yerim Kim</author><author>Younghoon Jo</author><author>Ki-Jeong Na</author><author>Dongwoo Chang</author><author>Namsoon Lee</author><author>Dong-Hyuk Jeong</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin characterized by osteoid or immature bone production and is rarely reported in reptiles. A 3-month-old Argentine black and white tegu presented with a subcutaneous mass on the left flank, approximately 2 months after a dog bite. Physical and radiographic examination revealed no initial internal abnormalities, but follow-up examination revealed a rapidly enlarging soft tissue mass. Ultrasonography confirmed a well-encapsulated mass, while contrast-enhanced computed tomography demonstrated mineralization, rib osteolysis, and multiple bilateral nodules, indicating a malignant process. Histopathological examination of the excised mass demonstrated features consistent with giant cell-rich osteosarcoma, including irregular bony trabeculae, numerous multinucleated giant cells, and peripheral osteoid matrix. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of OSA in reptiles, the value of integrating diagnostic imaging and histopathology, and the need for species-specific imaging protocols in ectothermic species, thereby expanding the literature on reptilian neoplasia.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1817725</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1817725</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Development of ovine hepatic organoids: a powerful in vitro platform to reduce the number of experimental animals used in metabolism and nutrition assays]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>María-Cristina González-Montero</author><author>Miguel Criado</author><author>Mercedes Alonso</author><author>Nuria Santos</author><author>Daniel Gutiérrez-Expósito</author><author>F. Javier Giráldez</author><author>Rafael Balaña-Fouce</author><author>Sonia Andrés</author><author>Carlos García-Estrada</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundThe liver coordinates metabolic processes that determine growth, health, and production efficiency in livestock species. In ruminants, hepatic metabolism is adapted to support glucose homeostasis, lipid partitioning, and nitrogen utilization during ruminal fermentation. Therefore, predictive experimental models are essential for studying nutrient-mediated regulation of liver function. However, conventional two-dimensional hepatocyte cultures fail to reproduce the structural organization and functional complexity of native liver tissue, limiting their translational value.MethodsHepatic organoids were developed from the progenitor cells of the liver of a male Assaf lamb, and were characterized by histological and immunofluorescence analyses, followed by transcriptomic profiling using RNA-seq and functional enrichment analysis. The metabolic response was assessed by adding DL-methionine and/or betaine and analyzing, by RT-qPCR, the expression of genes encoding key metabolic enzymes (e.g., CPT1A and PDH1) and ribosomal proteins representative of cellular proliferation (e.g., RPL22L1).ResultsHepatic organoids formed spherical epithelial structures with defined apical–basal polarity, intact tight junctions, albumin expression, and intracellular glycogen accumulation. Comparative transcriptomic analysis between organoids and native liver tissue supported the conservation of core cellular programs, although differential expression and functional enrichment analyses demonstrated that hepatic organoids exhibit a transcriptional profile biased toward cell proliferation, protein synthesis, and structural remodeling, while genes associated with mature liver metabolic functions, immune responses, and systemic homeostasis were relatively downregulated. Combined treatment with DL-methionine and betaine significantly increased the expression of CPT1A (associated with mitochondrial beta-oxidation) and RPL22L1 genes, indicating a synergistic metabolic response of both compounds.DiscussionOvine hepatic organoids reproduced structural and cellular features of liver tissue, supporting their relevance as an in vitro metabolic model for ruminants. Transcriptomic comparisons revealed incomplete functional maturation relative to adult liver, which is consistent with a progenitor-like hepatic state commonly observed in organoid systems. Nevertheless, the preserved metabolic response of organoids highlights their value for studying nutrient–gene interactions and evaluating dietary interventions prior to in vivo experimentation. This work represents the first report of sheep hepatic organoids and establishes a foundation for their use as predictive in vitro platforms to study hepatic metabolism, nutrient–gene interactions, and feed additive strategies in ruminant livestock.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1811948</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1811948</link>
        <title><![CDATA[3D anatomy of the heart in teaching: differentiating physiological and pathological changes in wild ungulates in central Europe]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Klára Matějka Košinová</author><author>Alena Říhová</author><author>Rostislav Linda</author><author>Jan Cukor</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionAccurate knowledge of the heart's anatomy and its physiological variability in wild ungulates is essential for the correct interpretation of necropsy and imaging findings, veterinary diagnostics, and teaching in fields focused on hunting and wildlife management. One of the most frequently misinterpreted structures is the Os cordis, whose occurrence, morphology, and clinical significance in most species of wild ungulates have not yet been sufficiently studied by modern imaging methods. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to systematically describe the occurrence, localization, and morphometric characteristics of the Os cordis of the most common Central European wild ungulates using computed tomography (CT) and to verify the contribution of CT-based 3D models for teaching and distinguishing between physiological and pathological changes in the heart.MethodsA total of 131 hearts of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), red deer (Cervus elaphus), fallow deer (Dama dama), mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon), and wild boar (Sus scrofa) were examined using the multidetector CT.ResultsThe presence, location, density, volume, and size of the Os cordis were evaluated. Digital 3D models were created from DICOM data and used for both morphological analysis and teaching purposes. Os cordis was found in all ruminants studied, Os cordis was found in 43 out of 45 roe deer, in 32 out of 36 mouflons, in 17 out of 18 red deer, and in all fallow deer hearts, while it was not found in wild boar. The density and size of the Os cordis increased significantly with age and differed between sexes and species, while volume was primarily influenced by body weight. The integration of 3D models into teaching led to a significant improvement in students' ability to correctly locate and identify the Os cordis.DiscussionThe results demonstrate that CT and 3D modeling are effective tools for cardiac morphology research, veterinary diagnostics, and modern teaching.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1834690</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1834690</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Isolation and identification of Pasteurella species and other bacterial organisms from ovine pneumonic lungs and their antimicrobial susceptibility in Ghana: abattoir-based study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Abass Abdulai</author><author>Benjamin Obukowho Emikpe</author><author>Raphael Deladem Folitse</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Background and aimPneumonia is the most prevalent respiratory infection in sheep, significantly impacting their health and welfare. This study aimed to isolate Pasteurella spp. and other bacterial organisms from pneumonic sheep lungs and also assess their antibiotic susceptibility.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional abattoir-based study was conducted at Tamale and Kumasi abattoirs. Seventy-five ovine pneumonic lungs were randomly sampled to culture and isolate bacterial organisms associated with ovine pneumonia. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was utilized to evaluate antibiotic susceptibility.ResultsAmong the 75 pneumonic lungs that were cultured, Mannheimia haemolytica was the predominant Pasteurella species, isolated from 54.7% of samples. Other bacteria identified included Staphylococcus aureus (46.7%), E. coli (37.3%), and Klebsiella spp. (19.7%). M. haemolytica was particularly associated with broncho-interstitial pneumonia (29.3%) and interstitial pneumonia (17.3%), while P. multocida was prominent in interstitial cases (13.3%). Both M. haemolytica and P. multocida contributed to 8.0% of bronchopneumonia cases. Seasonal patterns showed M. haemolytica (30%) and P. multocida (16%) were more common in the dry season, whereas Staphylococcus aureus was more prevalent in the wet season. M. haemolytica and P. multocida were most frequently identified in 2–3-year-old sheep from Sahelian breeds. All bacteria were isolated from sheep in poor body condition, but no significant associations were found between breeds, body condition, and pneumonia forms (p > 0.05). M. haemolytica and P. multocida were highly susceptible to cefotaxime (95%, 100%) and ciprofloxacin (83%, 91%), but exhibited resistance to amoxicillin and doxycycline. Staphylococcus aureus showed sensitivity to gentamicin (94%) and cefoxitin (71%), but resistance to tetracycline (63%). Pseudomonas spp. was completely susceptible to gentamicin, meropenem, and amikacin (all 100%) while resistant to tetracycline (100%) and sulfamethoxazole (75%).ConclusionMannheimia haemolytica was the most prevalent bacterial pathogen isolated from pneumonic sheep lungs in this study, suggesting its primary role in ovine pneumonia. Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacter, and Citrobacter spp are also prevalent. These bacteria are mostly effectively inhibited by antibiotics such as cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin, but they are not susceptible to amoxicillin, tetracycline, and penicillin G.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1808447</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1808447</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Key regulators of lactation performance in Xinjiang Brown cattle and Chinese Holstein cattle unraveled by multi-omics integration]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Kailun Ma</author><author>Weinire Tuerhong</author><author>Xue Li</author><author>Dan Wang</author><author>JiangKun Wang</author><author>Shengchao Ma</author><author>Menghua Zhang</author><author>Xixia Huang</author><author>Qiuming Chen</author><author>Lei Xu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study aimed to elucidate the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying lactation performance in Xinjiang Brown cattle (XJBC) and Chinese Holstein cattle (CHC). We employed a multi-omics integrative analysis strategy to systematically elucidate these mechanisms by correlating blood transcriptomic and milk/plasma metabolomic data. For each of the four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and winter), we compared XJBC and CHC using samples from seven individuals per breed. Transcriptome analysis revealed 124, 877, 169, and 81 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two breeds in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively, primarily enriched in biological pathways such as immune response, signal transduction, and metabolic processes. Metabolome analysis indicated that 78, 97, 80, and 50 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified in milk, while 80, 173, 48, and 54 DEMs were found in plasma across the respective seasons. Integrated analysis demonstrated that DEGs and DEMs associated with the blood-milk metabolic axis were significantly enriched in signaling pathways, including galactose metabolism, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and purine/pyrimidine metabolism; those based on the blood-plasma metabolic axis were significantly enriched in pathways such as ABC transporters and ECM-receptor interaction. The results demonstrate that the observed seasonal patterns reflect how breed differences vary across seasons rather than intrinsic seasonal responses of each breed. In conclusion, this study systematically delineates the regulatory modules of lactation performance in XJBC and CHC. The identified DEGs and DEMs provide critical targets and a theoretical foundation for deciphering their molecular mechanisms and advancing molecular breeding.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1804086</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1804086</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The tapeworm species recorded in carnivores of Slovakian wildlife - molecular analyses]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Jozef Lazár</author><author>Júlia Šmigová</author><author>L'ubomír Šmiga</author><author>Viliam Šnábel</author><author>Yaroslav Syrota</author><author>Ladislav Molnár</author><author>Marián Chabada</author><author>Mikuláš Hančin</author><author>Ingrid Papajová</author><author>Peter Lazár</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionImportant cestode species parasitizing carnivores are the worldwide distributed tapeworms of the family Taeniidae. Typical for taeniids is an indirect life cycle involving two obligate mammalian hosts in a predator-prey scheme, with an herbivore intermediate host and a terrestrial carnivore definitive host. The aim of the study was the molecular characterization of taeniid tapeworms from wild and domestic carnivores obtained from a national park and hunting areas from three different districts of eastern Slovakia.MethodsFive tapeworm samples from canids and felids definitive were examined by sequences of regions of 463 bp and 396 bp in the cox1 gene, which were subjected to phylogenetic analysis.ResultsTwo Taenia species were genetically confirmed from carnivores in Slovakia. The record of Taenia lynciscapreoli found in the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in the Tatra National Park represents the first finding of this species in Slovakia. The four isolates obtained from canids - from the gray wolf (Canis lupus), golden jackal (Canis aureus), and domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) belonged to Taenia krabbei. These isolates were distributed at three different positions in the cluster attributed to T. krabbei, partitioned according to their different definitive hosts (wolf, dog, jackal).ConclusionAlthough the original and dominant definitive host of T. krabbei is the wolf, half of the T. krabbei samples were collected from non-wolf definitive hosts. The finding of T. krabbei in a single isolate from a free-ranging dog in a hunting area corroborated the potential role of this host in the life cycle of this species.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1825253</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1825253</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Closing the knowledge–practice gap in veterinary antimicrobial stewardship: why competency-based continuing professional development is needed in veterinary systems]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Perspective</category>
        <author>Eugene Chisela Bwalya</author><author>Chikwanda Chileshe</author><author>Rachel Mwenda</author><author>Bruno Phiri</author><author>Kaluba Chibango</author><author>Victor Chishimba</author><author>Kenneth Chawinga</author><author>Taona Sinyawa</author><author>Edwin Sianzinda</author><author>Fusya Goma</author><author>Ntombi B. Mudenda</author><author>Chisoni Mumba</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global health, livestock productivity, and food systems. Veterinary professionals play a central role in antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), yet growing evidence suggests that knowledge of AMR does not consistently translate into responsible antimicrobial use (AMU) in veterinary practice. One major limitation of existing training approaches is their emphasis on knowledge dissemination rather than the development of applied competencies required for stewardship decision-making. In this perspective, we argue that veterinary antimicrobial stewardship requires a shift from knowledge-oriented training to competency-based professional development. Drawing on experiences from Zambia's poultry sector and emerging global frameworks in competency-based veterinary education, we propose a conceptual framework illustrating how competency-based continuing professional development (CPD) can bridge the knowledge–practice gap in veterinary antimicrobial stewardship. We further present a structured competency translation model for designing stewardship-oriented CPD programs tailored to veterinary professionals working in resource-constrained livestock systems. Strengthening competencies in clinical decision-making, diagnostic stewardship, disease prevention, responsible antimicrobial prescribing, farmer communication, and regulatory compliance may represent a critical strategy for improving antimicrobial stewardship within veterinary service systems. This perspective highlights the importance of competency-based workforce development as a key component of national AMR action plans and broader One Health strategies.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1784276</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1784276</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Personal biosecurity among livestock producers and veterinarians in Armenia and the Republic of Moldova]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Mafalda Pedro Mil-Homens</author><author>Daniel Beltran-Alcrudo</author><author>Alberto Allepuz</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Livestock producers and veterinarians are at high risk of zoonotic disease exposure, yet protective practices are often inconsistent. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Armenia (387 livestock producers and 113 veterinarians) and the Republic of Moldova (373 livestock producers and 100 veterinarians). To analyze how education, knowledge, and risk perceptions influence personal biosecurity practices, specifically the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), descriptive statistics and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) were employed. The findings revealed gaps in awareness and the implementation of preventive measures, including not using PPE to handle abortion materials or carcass disposal. In addition, risky behaviors such as feeding viscera to pets and selling unpasteurized milk were common. Although 40% of livestock producers reported having no formal training on zoonotic diseases, more than 80% indicated that they would like to learn more about the subject. Veterinarians' results reflected compliance with hygiene standards and a commitment to using PPE and implementing biosecurity measures. Additionally, greater self-reported knowledge on zoonotic diseases was associated with improved hygiene and more appropriate use of PPE in specific situations. The study underscores the critical role of education and effective communication between livestock producers and veterinarians in promoting safe practices. Addressing these gaps requires context-specific training and awareness, provision of affordable PPE, and institutional strengthening of veterinary services, framed within a One Health approach.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1749038</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1749038</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Clinical findings and risk factors for clinical outcomes in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease hospitalized for cardiogenic pulmonary edema]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Chung-Yao Yin</author><author>Ta-Li Lu</author><author>John Rush</author><author>Tung-Ju Lee</author><author>Chao-Yi Chang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundCardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) is a serious development for dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). Due to the hemodynamic impact of MMVD, and changes in left atrial pressure and pulmonary capillary pressure, CPE commonly requires hospitalization.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo characterize clinical findings particularly in respiratory rate and breathing effort in dogs with MMVD hospitalized with CPE and assess them as risk factors focusing on selected clinical outcomes.Animals100 dogs with MMVD hospitalized with CPE were included, with a median age of 12.0 years and a median body weight of 3.31 kg. Fifty-five dogs were male and 45 were female.MethodsProspective cohort study measuring clinical parameters and Tufts Dyspnea Score (TDS) during hospitalization to assess outcomes. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used.ResultsUpon hospital presentation, the median respiratory rate was 64 breaths per minute, the median TDS was 5 (ranging from 0 to 10). The median duration of oxygen administration was 20 h. Ninety-five of 100 dogs survived to hospital discharge. For the 93 dogs with follow-up information, 17 experienced cardiac death and 22 experienced re-hospitalization for CPE within 2 months post-discharge. Lower minimum TDS within 12 h was found to be associated with survival to hospital discharge. The administration of parenteral inotropes and higher minimum respiratory rate within 12 h were associated with cardiac death within 2 months post-discharge. Dogs with a louder murmur at presentation were more likely to experience re-hospitalization due to CPE within 2 months post-discharge.Conclusions and clinical importanceWe observed a high survival rate to discharge in dogs with MMVD hospitalized with CPE; however, cardiac death and rehospitalization due to CPE within 2 months post-discharge were common in these dogs. No clinical parameter measured before initiating treatment was associated with in-hospital mortality. However, risk factors such as systolic blood pressure below 90 mmHg upon hospital presentation, administered parenteral inotropes and the minimum respiratory rate during the initial 12 h have been associated with an increased risk of cardiac death within 2 months post-discharge.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1767061</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1767061</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Schisandrin B alleviates high-glucose diet-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue injury in zebrafish and is associated with alterations in intestinal microbiota]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Miao Fu</author><author>Wei Xu</author><author>Changmin Deng</author><author>Anhuai Yang</author><author>Mingyang Xue</author><author>Xuan Xiao</author><author>Lijuan Xu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[High-glucose diet (HGD) has been reported to alter gut microbiota and induce chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. In this study, we demonstrated that Schisandrin B (SchB) markedly attenuated HGD-induced physiological disturbances in zebrafish, with a focus on multiple tissues, including the liver, intestine, brain, and retina. The results showed that SchB attenuated oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and tissue injury induced by HGD. SchB was associated with reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of oxidative stress–related genes (Nrf2 and HO-1) and inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, and Myd88) were significantly modulated in SchB-treated groups. Intestinal microbiota analysis revealed that SchB was associated with increased microbial richness and diversity, as well as partial restoration of HGD-induced dysbiosis. Overall, these findings suggest that SchB exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in zebrafish under high-glucose dietary conditions, and these protective effects are associated with improvements in gut microbiota structure.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1812293</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1812293</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Intradermal testing and allergen-specific IgE testing in dogs with eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy and healthy dogs]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Hannah Gareis</author><author>Vanessa Hoerr</author><author>Ralf S. Mueller</author><author>Teresa Böhm</author><author>Laura Udraite-Vovk</author><author>Jelena Palić</author><author>Yury Zablotski</author><author>Bianka Schulz</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundHypersensitivity reactions are considered as a potential etiology of canine eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP).ObjectivesTo investigate positive reactions in intradermal allergy testing (IDT) and allergen-specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) testing in dogs with EBP and healthy control dogs, and to compare the results between groups.Material and methodsTwenty-one dogs diagnosed with EBP and 22 healthy controls were included in the prospective case-control study. IDT with 41 allergens and an Fc-ε receptor-based serum test for allergen-specific IgE of 23 allergens were performed. Positive reactions were compared between groups using Pearson's Chi-squared test and false discovery rate correction for multiple testing. Agreement between the two test methods was evaluated with Cohen's Kappa test. The p-value was < 0.05 for all tests.ResultsDogs with EBP showed significantly more median positive reactions in IDT [8.0 (5.0–12.0)] compared to healthy control dogs [4.0 (1.0–8.0; p = 0.04)], but there was no difference in median positive reactions in serum IgE tests between dogs with EBP [11.0 (7.5–14.5)] and control dogs [11.0 (7.25–14.0; p = 0.36)]. Agreement between the results of both allergy testing methods was classified as minimal (κ = 0.14).ConclusionDogs with EBP are more likely to show positive reactions in IDT compared to healthy control dogs. However, similar findings in healthy controls and poor agreement with serum IgE results limit conclusions regarding clinical relevance. Thus, IDT and serum IgE results should be interpreted cautiously and in the context of clinical findings.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1813534</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1813534</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Associations between subclinical bovine respiratory disease, growth patterns, and the nasal and fecal microbiota in dairy replacement heifers: a retrospective study]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Sabine Scully</author><author>John Donlon</author><author>Bernadette Earley</author><author>Paul E. Smith</author><author>Michelle Stafford</author><author>Catherine McAloon</author><author>Christina Strube</author><author>David A. Kenny</author><author>Sinéad M. Waters</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Subclinical bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is difficult to detect using clinical signs alone, and its broader associations with growth and microbial communities remain poorly defined. This retrospective observational study classified twenty Holstein-Friesian and Jersey replacement heifers at weaning using clinical respiratory scoring and thoracic ultrasonography (TUS). Ten heifers had no clinical signs of BRD and no lung lesions, while ten showed no clinical signs but had ultrasonographic lung consolidation >1 cm in diameter. The study investigated (1) associations between subclinical BRD status at weaning and liveweight patterns from birth to early gestation, and (2) the nasal and fecal microbiota associated with BRD status at weaning and again at 8 mo of age. Heifers were clinically assessed from birth to 8 mo, with TUS, nasal swabs and fecal samples collected at weaning and 8 mo. Liveweights were recorded from birth to early gestation. Microbial community composition of nasal and fecal samples from weaning and 8 mowere characterized by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Across the study period, heifers classified as healthy were heavier and had greater average daily gains than those with subclinical BRD. BRD status was associated with nasal microbiota composition at weaning and showed a tendency in fecal samples at weaning. No differences were detected at 8 mo. Dominant nasal genera included Moraxella, Pasteurella, Mannheimia and Mesomycoplasma, none of which differed by health status. Nine nasal and 24 fecal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were associated with BRD-status, although all were low abundance taxa (relative abundance < 1.5%). Romboutsia ilealis (nasal) was consistently more abundant in healthy heifers, while Butyricioccaceae UCG-009 (fecal) was more abundant in the subclinical group at both timepoints. These findings highlight associations between subclinical BRD detected at weaning and both growth patterns and specific low abundance taxa. Further studies with larger cohorts are required to clarify these relationships and their biological relevance.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1777631</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1777631</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Decoding the path to success: unveiling how behavior drives assistance dog career outcome]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Emma Hilby</author><author>Molly McCue</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Assistance dogs (ADs) are placed in a variety of careers to meet individual needs, mitigating disabilities, fostering independence, providing life-saving alerts, and improving mental health. Career fit can be a source of stress, particularly when an AD's placement does not align with their natural temperament. Aligning training with a dog's best-fit career may improve welfare, placement success, and overall availability of ADs for people with disabilities. Our study utilized successful (n = 678) assistance dogs and dogs released from training (n = 1,082) from six assistance dog organizations across the United States and Canada. We examined behavioral differences between ADs placed in alert (dogs who alert their partner to an impending concern their partner is unaware of, such as a drop in blood sugar, stopping with traffic coming, or a noise in the home) and response (dogs who respond to requested needs of their partners, such as retrieving dropped items or interrupting stimming behavior for children with autism) careers, as well as within specific career types. Behavior Checklist evaluations, which are the standard behavioral assessment within the AD industry, were analyzed using regression models to identify traits associated with career outcomes. For each one-unit worsening in “unwillingness to settle”, the odds of being a response dog increase by 58.7% (p = 0.020). For each one-unit increase in the handler-dog team, the odds of being a response dog increase by 50.2% (p = 0.027). Male dogs had a 60.8% increase in the odds of being a response dog, compared to female dogs (p = 0.004). Alert ADs were more excitable and body sensitive (not significant). Within specific careers, behavioral profiles aligned with anecdotal propensities observed by trainers. Facility dogs (dogs placed in a workplace, such as a school, hospital, or courthouse, to provide trained skills to mitigate individual stress and provide comfort) displayed behavioral differences distinct from ADs, which aligns with the difference in their career compared to assistance work. These findings demonstrate that behavioral evaluations can help predict career suitability and support informed placement decisions. By identifying both category-level and career-specific behavioral traits, AD programs can better match AD candidates to roles that align with their natural tendencies, improving both success rates and animal welfare.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1634224</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1634224</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Deep learning-enabled morphology analysis of bovine sperm for label-free imaging flow cytometry]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Brief Research Report</category>
        <author>Anel Umirbaeva</author><author>Andrey Kurenkov</author><author>Bolat Seisenov</author><author>Kanat Zhumanov</author><author>Kadyrbay Tadziyev</author><author>Mirzhan Mustafin</author><author>Ivan A. Vorobjev</author><author>Natasha S. Barteneva</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Data analysis of sperm morphology is critical for evaluating bull fertility, yet it is commonly performed using light microscopy and staining techniques in a subjective and manual manner. In this study, we introduce a scalable, high-resolution approach combining label-free Imaging Flow Cytometry with deep learning for automated classification of bovine sperm morphology. We analyzed 401,535 single-cell images obtained out 1.8 million events acquired at 40 × magnification from three bull breeds - Kazakh Whitehead, Auliekol, and Simmental, from fresh and cryopreserved sperm - providing a uniquely large and diverse dataset. The dataset was used for training and evaluation of deep learning models. Multiple classification strategies and architectures were evaluated using consistent training and data preparation strategies, including MobileNetV3-Large, EfficientNetV2-S, ResNet-50, and ConvNeXt-Tiny. Among these, the ConvNeXt-Tiny yielded superior results, achieving an accuracy 91.1% and a macro F1-score of 0.91 after training with a Linear Probing and Fine-Tuning (LP-FT) strategy, and was chosen as the primary model to classify spermatozoa into eight distinct morphological categories. Testing across different conditions and breeds resulted in a 10–15% drop in generalization performance, highlighting the limitations in generalization due to dataset variability and underscoring the need for larger, standardized imaging protocols. The proportion of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa differed by seasons and following cryopreservation. This study highlights the advantages of integrating IFC and artificial intelligence algorithms for robust, high-throughput, and objective label-free assessment of spermatozoa morphology in both fresh and cryopreserved sperm, offering a promising tool for improving fertility diagnostics and breeding strategies in veterinary practice.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1768617</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1768617</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Dietary calcium and phosphorus levels in lactating Shenxian sows regulate growth performance and bone metabolism in suckling piglets]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yu Li</author><author>Jiachun Song</author><author>Wenjun Wang</author><author>Shang Li</author><author>Jixiang Liu</author><author>Chunlian Lu</author><author>Hongzhan Cao</author>
        <description><![CDATA[BackgroundOptimal dietary calcium and phosphorus levels are critical for maximizing milk production in highly prolific sow breeds and subsequent bone development in suckling piglets. However, specific nutritional recommendations for the Shenxian sow are lacking.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of graded dietary Ca and P levels during lactation on growth performance, mineral metabolism, and the OPG/RANKL/RANK signaling pathway in nursing piglets.MethodologyForty-five multiparous Shenxian sows were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design (n = 9 sows/treatment). Treatments consisted of a control diet (C: 0.63% Ca, 0.31% available P), a low Ca-P diet (L: 0.55% Ca, 0.27% available P), and three high Ca-P diets (H1: 0.71%/0.35%; H2: 0.79%/0.39%; H3: 0.87%/0.43%). Piglet blood samples were collected via anterior vena cava puncture on days 17 and 35 of lactation for serum biochemical and hormonal analysis.ResultsHigh dietary Ca-P supplementation linearly improved indicators of mineral retention and bone regulation. Compared with the control group, apparent Ca digestibility increased in H1, H2, and H3 groups by 15.18%, 19.86%, and 16.08%, respectively (P < 0.05). Serum P and milk Ca concentrations were elevated in all high Ca-P groups (P < 0.05). Notably, the OPG/RANKL ratio, a key marker of inhibited bone resorption, increased by 32.73% and 41.82% in the H2 and H3 groups, respectively (P < 0.01). While FGF-23 levels increased on Day 17 in the L, H2, and H3 groups, the H2 group exhibited a subsequent 15.05% reduction by Day 35 (P < 0.05), suggesting a time dependent normalization of phosphaturic response. The H2 group also demonstrated superior nitrogen efficiency, with a 26.21% reduction in average daily fecal N excretion (P < 0.05).ConclusionElevating dietary Ca and P levels to 0.79% and 0.39%, respectively, optimally enhances piglet growth performance by modulating the OPG/RANKL/RANK axis and reducing postnatal bone resorption. These findings establish evidence based nutritional thresholds for high-yielding Shenxian sows. Future research should investigate the long term effects of these mineral levels on sow longevity and subsequent reproductive cycles.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1835614</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2026.1835614</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Unraveling inflammaging: a pathway to prevent age-related disease in animals, volume II]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Toshiro Arai</author>
        <description></description>
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