Accumulating evidence suggests that the cerebellum subserves functions beyond the sensorimotor realm. This possibility has received considerable attention during the past quarter century, with recent findings revealing putative cerebellar roles in cognition, emotion and spatial navigation. These functions are potentially underpinned by the behaviour-dependent formation of functional networks in which the cerebellum forms one node of distributed circuits spanning thalamic, limbic and neocortical regions.

However, these views are not universally accepted.

Therefore, the over-arching aim of this Research Topic is to provide a forum through which the debate on the role of cerebellar interactions with ‘’non-motor’’ structures can be pursued in a rigorous manner. In particular, we would like to bring together findings from the clinical, animal, theoretical and neuroimaging fields. The major aspects that we suggest you cover in this Research Topic are:

-Theories and models of circuit function
-Functional and structural studies on circuit operation
-Diseases, clinical reports

All of you are leaders on the specific topics on which you are encouraged to contribute. Firstly, we encourage a title proposal (or multiple titles involving your collaborators) and then articles (of any type). The first step will be to receive all your titles and to align the contributions toward the main categories indicated above. The second step will be to receive your articles and organize the final layout. We have set the deadline of 31 December, 2013, so that you have plenty of time to proceed. The main topics will eventually be organized by writing concise editorials and by generating an index guiding the reader through the different issues. We look forward to receiving your contributions to this unique initiative.

Important Note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.