Genetic and epigenetic alterations contribute to altered immune responses. Gene regulatory RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently emerged as a research field with critical roles in the regulation of many biological processes. miRNAs can, by their ability to bind to specific messenger (m)RNAs, repress translation or promote mRNA degradation of their target genes. In addition, lncRNAs can not only regulate genes but also sponge the miRNA as a competitive endogenous RNA to prevent mRNA degradation and stabilize the mRNA. In addition to fine-tuning the expression of target genes, non-coding RNAs have been shown to be of crucial importance in inflammatory processes, where they take part in the regulation of both adaptive and innate immune responses as well as tissue homeostasis. Both miRNAs and lncRNAs have potential as novel biomarkers for chronic inflammatory diseases, such as allergy and asthma. Furthermore, disease-associated miRNAs and lncRNAs may also be targets for treatment, as well as predicting treatment responses in allergic diseases and asthma.
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with various phenotypes. Currently, patients with asthma can be classified based on their inflammatory cell profile such as eosinophilic, neutrophilic, or mixed granulocytic or by atopic status and time of disease onset. Additionally, some asthmatics are triggered by viral infections whereas some are not. These factors make it clear that asthma characteristics and treatment responses are different in distinct individuals and most likely involve diverse biological processes. A better description of phenotypes may guide personalized treatment approaches in the future. Increased understanding of the immune mechanisms in chronic inflammatory diseases (i.e. allergy and asthma), including the contribution of immune regulatory RNAs, will facilitate patient stratification for targeted therapy, diagnosis and potential identification of new therapeutic targets. Thus there is an unmet need to uncover significant new knowledge, enabling a better understanding of the immunological basis of allergy and asthma and progressing efforts toward developing novel therapies.
This Research Topic aims to provide an updated view on both lncRNAs and miRNAs involved in the regulation of cellular signaling events and their function in chronic inflammatory diseases such as allergy and asthma. We welcome reviews, original research articles, and methods that are related to the following topics:
- The potential role of lncRNAs and miRNAs as biomarkers in allergic diseases and asthma
- Role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in regulating allergic responses (i.e. food allergy, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and asthma)
- Regulation of miRNA by signaling molecules, such as sex hormones, growth factors and lncRNAs
- Mechanisms of treatment responses and their relation to lncRNA and miRNA
All article types accepted by Frontiers are welcome.
Genetic and epigenetic alterations contribute to altered immune responses. Gene regulatory RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently emerged as a research field with critical roles in the regulation of many biological processes. miRNAs can, by their ability to bind to specific messenger (m)RNAs, repress translation or promote mRNA degradation of their target genes. In addition, lncRNAs can not only regulate genes but also sponge the miRNA as a competitive endogenous RNA to prevent mRNA degradation and stabilize the mRNA. In addition to fine-tuning the expression of target genes, non-coding RNAs have been shown to be of crucial importance in inflammatory processes, where they take part in the regulation of both adaptive and innate immune responses as well as tissue homeostasis. Both miRNAs and lncRNAs have potential as novel biomarkers for chronic inflammatory diseases, such as allergy and asthma. Furthermore, disease-associated miRNAs and lncRNAs may also be targets for treatment, as well as predicting treatment responses in allergic diseases and asthma.
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with various phenotypes. Currently, patients with asthma can be classified based on their inflammatory cell profile such as eosinophilic, neutrophilic, or mixed granulocytic or by atopic status and time of disease onset. Additionally, some asthmatics are triggered by viral infections whereas some are not. These factors make it clear that asthma characteristics and treatment responses are different in distinct individuals and most likely involve diverse biological processes. A better description of phenotypes may guide personalized treatment approaches in the future. Increased understanding of the immune mechanisms in chronic inflammatory diseases (i.e. allergy and asthma), including the contribution of immune regulatory RNAs, will facilitate patient stratification for targeted therapy, diagnosis and potential identification of new therapeutic targets. Thus there is an unmet need to uncover significant new knowledge, enabling a better understanding of the immunological basis of allergy and asthma and progressing efforts toward developing novel therapies.
This Research Topic aims to provide an updated view on both lncRNAs and miRNAs involved in the regulation of cellular signaling events and their function in chronic inflammatory diseases such as allergy and asthma. We welcome reviews, original research articles, and methods that are related to the following topics:
- The potential role of lncRNAs and miRNAs as biomarkers in allergic diseases and asthma
- Role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in regulating allergic responses (i.e. food allergy, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and asthma)
- Regulation of miRNA by signaling molecules, such as sex hormones, growth factors and lncRNAs
- Mechanisms of treatment responses and their relation to lncRNA and miRNA
All article types accepted by Frontiers are welcome.
