Preterm birth (PTB) represents a significant global public health concern, being a primary cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, as well as a risk factor for lifelong conditions such as stroke in mothers. While the precise etiology and mechanisms of PTB remain elusive, its hereditary nature has been substantiated through familial investigations. Recent advancements in genome sequencing and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have unveiled several genetic markers and genomic loci linked to PTB. However, comprehending the intricate interplay and regulatory mechanisms between the maternal-fetal genome and PTB, as well as the multi-level molecular signals (transcription, protein, metabolism, etc.), and biological alterations during pregnancy, poses a significant challenge. Moreover, the rapid evolution of gene-editing technologies offers substantial promise in tackling these challenges. By investigating the underlying genetic and molecular pathways, more effective strategies may be developed for the prediction, prevention, and management of preterm birth.

This Research Topic aims to explore and characterize the genomic features of preterm birth and their regulatory mechanisms, as well as the application of gene-editing technologies in addressing this issue. Specifically, this collection focuses on elucidating the genomic underpinnings of preterm birth pathology, understanding its regulatory mechanisms leading to subsequent multi-omics alterations, and assessing their potential for clinically predicting preterm birth. Furthermore, the significant role and promising prospects of gene editing in uncovering mechanisms of preterm birth and developing treatment approaches should be emphasized. Applying gene editing to overcome the absence of suitable preterm animal models and target pathogenic genes to achieve precise and personalized treatment for preterm birth. With this collection, we hope to integrate multidisciplinary perspectives, expand the comprehension of preterm genomics, and the application of gene editing in preterm research, and present novel evidence and strategies for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of preterm birth.

This Research topic welcomes the submissions of Original Research, Brief Research Report, Methods, and Review articles that cover the following aspects, but are not limited to:

1. Genomic characteristics of preterm mothers and fetuses
2. Intrinsic associations between fetal cell-free DNA in maternal circulation and preterm birth
3. Utilizing machine learning strategies to predict preterm birth based on genetic features
4. Molecular mechanisms of genomic regulation in the pathogenesis of preterm birth
5. Application of gene editing technology in pathogenesis of premature birth
6. Constructing preterm animal models using gene-editing technologies
7. Genome editing targeting the genetic loci implicated in preterm birth etiology

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Gene Editing in Preterm Birth Research