Pulmonary medicine continuously evolves with new diagnostic and treatment modalities, yet certain patient cases still surprise even seasoned practitioners. This Research Topic aims to produce high-quality case reports that provide insights into rare and unexpected clinical presentations, unusual progression, or exceptional treatment outcomes within the field. These reports help illustrate challenges and innovative problem-solving in clinical practice, bridging gaps between routine procedures and cutting-edge approaches.

This Research Topic aims to highlight unique case reports that significantly advance the field of pulmonary medicine. By presenting detailed analyses of unexpected or unusual cases, this collection seeks to enhance understanding, provoke discussion, and inform future research and clinical practices in pulmonary medicine. Each case report included aims to serve as an educational tool, illustrating critical thinking, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic interventions.

To ensure a focused and valuable collection, this Research Topic will strictly include Case Reports. These articles must be original and significantly advance the field to be considered. The scope of this topic is purposely broad to encompass all aspects of pulmonary medicine:

• Diagnostic challenges in rare pulmonary diseases

• Innovative treatment approaches for common pulmonary conditions

• Case studies highlighting complications in pulmonary procedures

• Interaction of comorbid conditions in pulmonary disease management

• Technological advancements in the diagnosis or treatment of pulmonary diseases

• The use of molecular methods in profiling the advancement of the disease and to define the underlying bacterial or fungal infections

Case submissions must have "Case Report" included in their titles to be eligible.

Topic Editor Karolina Czarnecka-Chrebelska holds shares in Exal Bone Ltd., a private equity company established to commercialize Exal Bone, an orthopedic cast/dressing technology (TRL 5/6; demonstrators available; patent pending) that enables secondary fitting without 3D scanning/printing. Topic Editor Giuseppe Fiorentino has received grant as a consultant from Fisher, GSK, and Boeringer. Topic Editor Antonio Esquinas declares no conflicts of interest.

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Case Reports in Pulmonary Medicine 2026