Gliomas are among the most common and aggressive primary brain tumors, characterized by significant heterogeneity in their molecular, genetic and clinical profiles. Despite advances in surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, prognosis – especially for high-grade gliomas such as glioblastoma – remains poor. The implementation of the updated WHO classification of central nervous system tumors has marked a paradigm shift by integrating molecular parameters with traditional histopathological features. However, current treatment strategies and guidelines largely remain based on previous tumor stratification systems. Emerging therapeutic approaches, such as targeted therapies, immunotherapy and tumor-treating fields, could offer new hope but face challenges related to tumor resistance and the blood–brain barrier. Moreover, clinical data supporting these approaches are still limited. A deeper understanding of glioma biology and the tumor microenvironment is essential to develop more effective, individualized treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes.

This Research Topic aims to address ongoing challenges in the treatment and management of gliomas by integrating recent scientific and clinical advances. Developments in molecular profiling and precision medicine have opened new avenues for targeted therapies, while immunotherapy strategies – such as checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, and CAR-T cells – are being actively explored. Additionally, innovations in neuroimaging, surgical techniques and radiotherapy planning are enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment precision. Challenges related to the practical implementation of the new WHO classification also need to be assessed. The goal is to provide a comprehensive platform for interdisciplinary research that bridges laboratory discoveries with clinical applications. By fostering collaboration across neuro-oncology, genomics, bioengineering and computational biology, this topic seeks to identify novel biomarkers, optimize therapeutic strategies, and improve survival and quality of life for glioma patients.

This Research Topic welcomes contributions that explore innovative approaches to glioma research, diagnosis and treatment. We encourage submissions that integrate basic science, translational research and clinical practice. Topics of interest include:

• Molecular and genetic characterization of gliomas

• Practical application of the new WHO classification

• Advances in targeted therapies and precision medicine

• Novel drug delivery systems and challenges related to the blood–brain barrier

• Innovations in imaging, surgery, and radiotherapy

Please note that manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public omics databases that are not supplemented by relevant functional validation (clinical cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this Research Topic.

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Advances in Glioma Treatment and Management: From Molecular Insights to Precision Therapies