Sleep Disorder Phenotypes Across Medical and Neuropsychiatric Conditions: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, Diagnosis, Digital Health, and Personalized Therapeutic Approaches

Sleep disturbances are major contributors to physical, cognitive, emotional, and metabolic dysfunction across multiple clinical conditions. Sleep disturbances and disorders such as insomnia, hypersomnolence, circadian rhythm disruption, sleep-disordered breathing, restless legs syndrome, REM sleep behavior disorder, and sleep fragmentation are highly prevalent among patients with chronic medical and neuropsychiatric disease. Knowledge gaps remain around the underlying mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic opportunities, and patients with the same diagnosis often differ in how their sleep disturbance presents and responds to treatment.

This Research Topic provides a multidisciplinary platform to advance personalized sleep care through a deeper understanding of the physiological, psychological, genetic, social, and environmental factors that shape sleep and circadian dysfunction. We welcome original research, reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical trials, and translational studies that identify clinically meaningful subgroups, predict outcomes for individual patients, or match treatment to patient characteristics, across diverse but well-defined clinical populations.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
1. Multidimensional sleep assessment and phenotyping tools, including consumer wearables, digital phenotyping, remote monitoring, mobile health and artificial intelligence, validated in clinical populations.
2. Sleep and circadian biomarkers that stratify patients or predict treatment response, including molecular, autonomic, neuroimaging, genetic, microbiome and digital markers.
3. Sleep phenotypes in chronic medical and neuropsychiatric disease, including data-driven subgroups and transdiagnostic or multimorbidity cohorts.
4. Mechanisms explaining why the same sleep disturbance affects patients differently, including cognition, fatigue, mood and cardiometabolic health.
5. Phenotype-guided and biomarker-guided treatment, including pharmacological, behavioral, PAP and digital approaches, with a focus on differential rather than average treatment response.
6. Translation into clinical practice, including decision support and longitudinal evidence of which patients benefit from specific treatments or interventions.
Studies in diverse populations are welcome, including transdiagnostic, multimorbidity and cross condition cohorts, provided the population is clearly defined.

Overall, this Research Topic aims to promote precision-based approaches to diagnosing, monitoring, and treating sleep disturbances across diverse clinical populations, fostering data-driven, patient-centered advances in personalized sleep medicine.

Article types and fees

This Research Topic accepts the following article types, unless otherwise specified in the Research Topic description:

• Brief Research Report
• Case Report
• Clinical Trial
• Community Case Study
• Conceptual Analysis
• Curriculum, Instruction, and Pedagogy
• Data Report
• Editorial
• FAIR² Data
• ... View all formats

Articles that are accepted for publication by our external editors following rigorous peer review incur a publishing fee charged to Authors, institutions, or funders.

Article types

This Research Topic accepts the following article types, unless otherwise specified in the Research Topic description:

• Brief Research Report
• Case Report
• Clinical Trial
• Community Case Study
• Conceptual Analysis
• Curriculum, Instruction, and Pedagogy
• Data Report
• Editorial
• FAIR² Data
• General Commentary
• Hypothesis and Theory
• Methods
• Mini Review
• Opinion
• Original Research
• Perspective
• Registered Report
• Review
• Study Protocol
• Systematic Review
• Technology and Code

Keywords: Precision sleep medicine, Circadian dysfunction, Sleep biomarkers, wearable technologies, Digital health, Artificial intelligence, machine learning, Personalized therapeutics, sleep phernotypes

Important note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.