Novel approaches in diagnostics and treatment of hypothalamic obesity

Recognizing acquired hypothalamic obesity (aHO) as a distinct clinical entity, defined by functional hypothalamic disruption rather than solely by etiology, is essential for advancing research, improving diagnosis and care, and expanding access to emerging therapies. There is a critical need for further research into targeted therapies addressing aHO and its underlying neuroendocrine and behavioral mechanisms. Future studies should systematically include also patients with non-tumor etiologies, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) septo optic dysplasia (SOD), and other midline or intracranial pathologies. Standardized diagnostic criteria and outcome measures are essential to enable meaningful comparisons across studies and clinical trials. Determination of the most effective timing and integration of novel targeted therapies with treatment for underlying sellar masses (surgery and radiotherapy) is warranted. First experiences with Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists (Semaglutide) and Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) Agonists (Setmelanotide) are promising. This research topic aims to summarize novel approaches for treatment of acquired hypothalamic obesity and hypothalamic syndrome.



Treatment for acquired hypothalamic obesity has thus far been disappointing. Hypothalamic obesity is a complex, multifaceted disease that may not require a one-size-fits-all approach. We must develop new personalized treatment algorithms for hypothalamic obesity. We envision future cohorts of patients with acquired hypothalamic obesity, with standardized diagnostics, risk stratification and structured prospective evaluation of multimodal treatment approaches including pituitary hormone replacement therapy and combined pharmacological interventions for hypothalamic obesity (e.g. MC4R agonists with a GLP-1 agonist and/or with stimulant treatment). This could lead to the much-needed improvements in health outcomes and quality of life in a suffering and underserved patient population.



· New approaches and techniques in diagnostics of acquired hypothalamic obesity



· Validation of diagnostic criteria for hypothalamic syndrome



· Novel treatment modalities for patients with acquired hypothalamic obesity, safety and efficacy



· Epidemiology of acquired hypothalamic obesity



· Morbidity and quality of life in patients with acquired hypothalamic obesity Original articles as well as reviews and case reports are welcome