Methods and Protocols in Nanotoxicology

63.5K

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58

authors

10

articles

Methods and Protocols in Nanotoxicology

63.5K

views

58

authors

10

articles

Article Cover Image

Editorial

15 December 2022

Editorial: Methods and protocols in nanotoxicology

Harald F. Krug

and

Katja Nau

2,037 views

2 citations

Editors

2

Karolinska Institutet (KI)

Norwegian Institute for Air Research

Impact

Methods

28 September 2022

The alamar blue assay in the context of safety testing of nanomaterials

Eleonora Marta Longhin

, 2 more and

Maria Dusinska

The Alamar Blue (AB) assay is widely used to investigate cytotoxicity, cell proliferation and cellular metabolic activity within different fields of toxicology. The use of the assay with nanomaterials (NMs) entails specific aspects including the potential interference of NMs with the test. The procedure of the AB assay applied for testing NMs is described in detail and step-by-step, from NM preparation, cell exposure, inclusion of interference controls, to the analysis and interpretation of the results. Provided that the proper procedure is followed, and relevant controls are included, the AB assay is a reliable and high throughput test to evaluate the cytotoxicity/proliferation/metabolic response of cells exposed to NMs.

24,853 views

80 citations

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Methods

12 October 2022

The miniaturized enzyme-modified comet assay for genotoxicity testing of nanomaterials

N. El Yamani

, 8 more and

M. Dusinska

4,431 views

13 citations

Graphical design of the colony forming efficiency (CFE) assay (Created with BioRender.com). 1. Trypsinize and count the cells. Seed the cells in correct density. It is important to mix the suspension prior to plating to ensure an even suspension of cells, as well as to spread the cells evenly in the wells. Remember to label both lid and the plate properly to avoid mix-up. Keep the cells in the incubator. 2. Prepare dispersion of NMs. Perform proper particle characterization. 3. Dilute NMs and controls in culture medium and add to the plates. Remember to make 2 × concentration since there is already half of medium in the well. 4. Leave the plates with the cells in the incubator to form colonies, normally 5–12 days 5. When colonies visible by eye are formed in negative control plates, the colonies should be stained in 1% methylene blue. Add 20 µl of methylene blue into each well and leave for minimum 30 min. Remove the staining solution into waste bottle. To reduce background staining, the plates can be rinsed carefully with water after staining. Leave the plates to dry. 6. Count the colonies. h, hours; d, days.

Methods

07 September 2022

The colony forming efficiency assay for toxicity testing of nanomaterials—Modifications for higher-throughput

Elise Rundén-Pran

, 4 more and

Maria Dusinska

7,532 views

13 citations

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Methods

30 May 2022

In vivo Mammalian Alkaline Comet Assay: Method Adapted for Genotoxicity Assessment of Nanomaterials

Renato Cardoso

, 5 more and

Rosalie Elespuru

3,799 views

5 citations

Original Research

05 September 2022

Pre-validation of a reporter gene assay for oxidative stress for the rapid screening of nanobiomaterials

Sebastin Martin

, 25 more and

Hans Bouwmeester

3,026 views

6 citations

Methods

08 June 2022

Thymidine Kinase+/− Mammalian Cell Mutagenicity Assays for Assessment of Nanomaterials

Tao Chen

, 1 more and

Rosalie Elespuru

3,439 views

3 citations

Reproduced from Elespuru et al. (2018), p. 393, with permission from Oxford University Press.

Methods

24 May 2022

Common Considerations for Genotoxicity Assessment of Nanomaterials

Rosalie K. Elespuru

, 6 more and

Connie L. Chen

4,516 views

17 citations

Schematic illustrating the reliability of MN protocol. (A) MN staining procedure carried in control cells after 48 h incubation at 37°C. (B) NiO NPs were incubated separately, collected through centrifugation, and spiked with the control cells to compare the interferences in MN count. (C) Only NiO NPs were stained following the same MN protocol and analyzed to understand their spread in the MN dot plots.

Original Research

08 March 2022

Primary and Secondary Genotoxicity of Nanoparticles: Establishing a Co-Culture Protocol for Assessing Micronucleus Using Flow Cytometry

N. V. Srikanth Vallabani

and

Hanna L. Karlsson

3,235 views

14 citations

Configuration of the microfluidic cell culture-on-a-chip (COC) platform. The device consists of five different parts: clean air supplied as a positive pressure source (A), for the digitally operated pressure controller with three defined channels to sustain maximum pressures; 10 bar in C1 and 1 bar in C2 and C3 (B); then, the desired amount of pressure supplied to the inlet reservoirs through tubing (C), which enables the flow of medium through the fluidics connect pro device that holds the COC chambers to allow unidirectional flow of medium through the apical and basal sides of the human lung cells in the central cavity (D); finally, flow through is collected in outlet reservoir (E).

Original Research

06 October 2021

Development of Microfluidic, Serum-Free Bronchial Epithelial Cells-on-a-Chip to Facilitate a More Realistic In vitro Testing of Nanoplastics

Govind Gupta

, 3 more and

Bengt Fadeel

4,806 views

17 citations

Open for submission

Frontiers in Toxicology

Insights in Nanotoxicology

Edited by Bengt Fadeel, Luisa Campagnolo

Deadline

30 June 2024

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About

This Research Topic is part of the Methods and Protocols in Toxicology series. Other titles in this series are:

• Methods and Protocols in Computational Toxicology and Informatics
• Methods and Protocols in Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology
• Methods and Protocols in Immunotoxicology
• Methods and Protocols in In Vitro Toxicology
• Methods and Protocols in Neurotoxicology
• Methods and Protocols in Toxicogenomics

Please submit your article to the Research Topic that best suits the focus of your research.

Introduction and general guidelines

Standardized and/or validated protocols are critically important in basic and regulatory toxicology. However, formal validation and acceptance of new methods for hazard assessment, such as under the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), is laborious and time-consuming. Common guidelines for the reporting of experimental results are also very useful, but only if endorsed by the scientific community as well as by scientific journals. Frontiers in Toxicology has identified a need for a forum where scientists in the many subdisciplines of toxicology can share methods and protocols that are tried and tested. This would open up a dialogue on the ways in which toxicology research is conducted: this includes existing methods adapted for new needs (such as test methods that are validated for traditional chemicals but not yet approved for nanomaterials) or new methods that have been developed to meet the needs of modern toxicology. We also welcome consensus papers, such as proposals for reporting guidelines, preferably from professional organizations at the international level (but national initiatives are also welcome).

As usual, the contributions to this collection will undergo peer-review, but the criteria may be adjusted to fit the present Research Topic; for instance, while novelty is not necessarily decisive, the utility of a method or protocol must be evident. We welcome contributions covering all aspects of toxicology and the submissions will be handled by the team of Topic Editors in the respective sections.

Frontiers in Toxicology supports the FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) principles for scientific data management and stewardship (Wilkinson et al., Sci. Data 3:160018, 2016).

This Research Topic welcomes:
• Methods: Include either existing methods that are significantly improved or adapted for specific purposes or new methods, which may also include primary (original) data. Methods must also be accompanied by some sort of validation or pre-validation. Also, its relevance for toxicology should be highlighted, as well as its performance relative to other methods. Note that Methods do not only refer to experimental methods (or protocols) but can also cover computational or bioinformatics methods for the analysis and/or visualization of toxicological data.
• Protocols: Should provide a detailed description, with pitfalls and troubleshooting, and be of immediate use to the readers. The protocols must be proven to work.
• Standard operating procedures (SOPs): These need to be tested or pre-validated.
• Guidelines: This includes recommendations for reporting standards or other common practices.
• Perspective or General Commentaries on methods and protocols relevant for toxicology.

For more information on the description and formats of the different article types please see here.

Nanotoxicology guidelines

There is an urgent need for standardized and/or validated test methods with which to assess the potential hazard of nanomaterials. Moreover, the in vitro to in vivo predictivity of existing and emerging test methods is something that needs to be addressed in order to enable risk assessment of nanomaterials for human health and the environment. The implementation of common guidelines for information reporting regarding test materials, test methods and model systems may facilitate the inter-laboratory comparison of results. Moreover, in silico approaches to promote the grouping of nanomaterials and enable predictive toxicological testing of nanomaterials are much needed. Common procedures for data collection and data sharing are also needed to make full use of the toxicological data.

Collaboration across research teams within the nanosafety community to address challenges in hazard and risk assessment of nanomaterials will accelerate the development of nano-specific guidelines and guidance documents, and adaptation of existing OECD/ISO test guidelines. This Research Topic collection of Methods and Protocols in Nanotoxicology will focus on models and methods to increase the quality of nanotoxicology research, and contribute to the hazard and risk assessment of nanomaterial.

This Research Topic is part of the Methods and Protocols in Toxicology series. Other titles in this series are:

• Methods and Protocols in Computational Toxicology and Informatics
• Methods and Protocols in Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology
• Methods and Protocols in Immunotoxicology
• Methods and Protocols in In Vitro Toxicology
• Methods and Protocols in Neurotoxicology
• Methods and Protocols in Toxicogenomics

Please submit your article to the Research Topic that best suits the focus of your research.

Introduction and general guidelines

Standardized and/or validated protocols are critically important in basic and regulatory toxicology. However, formal validation and acceptance of new methods for hazard assessment, such as under the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), is laborious and time-consuming. Common guidelines for the reporting of experimental results are also very useful, but only if endorsed by the scientific community as well as by scientific journals. Frontiers in Toxicology has identified a need for a forum where scientists in the many subdisciplines of toxicology can share methods and protocols that are tried and tested. This would open up a dialogue on the ways in which toxicology research is conducted: this includes existing methods adapted for new needs (such as test methods that are validated for traditional chemicals but not yet approved for nanomaterials) or new methods that have been developed to meet the needs of modern toxicology. We also welcome consensus papers, such as proposals for reporting guidelines, preferably from professional organizations at the international level (but national initiatives are also welcome).

As usual, the contributions to this collection will undergo peer-review, but the criteria may be adjusted to fit the present Research Topic; for instance, while novelty is not necessarily decisive, the utility of a method or protocol must be evident. We welcome contributions covering all aspects of toxicology and the submissions will be handled by the team of Topic Editors in the respective sections.

Frontiers in Toxicology supports the FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) principles for scientific data management and stewardship (Wilkinson et al., Sci. Data 3:160018, 2016).

This Research Topic welcomes:
• Methods: Include either existing methods that are significantly improved or adapted for specific purposes or new methods, which may also include primary (original) data. Methods must also be accompanied by some sort of validation or pre-validation. Also, its relevance for toxicology should be highlighted, as well as its performance relative to other methods. Note that Methods do not only refer to experimental methods (or protocols) but can also cover computational or bioinformatics methods for the analysis and/or visualization of toxicological data.
• Protocols: Should provide a detailed description, with pitfalls and troubleshooting, and be of immediate use to the readers. The protocols must be proven to work.
• Standard operating procedures (SOPs): These need to be tested or pre-validated.
• Guidelines: This includes recommendations for reporting standards or other common practices.
• Perspective or General Commentaries on methods and protocols relevant for toxicology.

For more information on the description and formats of the different article types please see here.

Nanotoxicology guidelines

There is an urgent need for standardized and/or validated test methods with which to assess the potential hazard of nanomaterials. Moreover, the in vitro to in vivo predictivity of existing and emerging test methods is something that needs to be addressed in order to enable risk assessment of nanomaterials for human health and the environment. The implementation of common guidelines for information reporting regarding test materials, test methods and model systems may facilitate the inter-laboratory comparison of results. Moreover, in silico approaches to promote the grouping of nanomaterials and enable predictive toxicological testing of nanomaterials are much needed. Common procedures for data collection and data sharing are also needed to make full use of the toxicological data.

Collaboration across research teams within the nanosafety community to address challenges in hazard and risk assessment of nanomaterials will accelerate the development of nano-specific guidelines and guidance documents, and adaptation of existing OECD/ISO test guidelines. This Research Topic collection of Methods and Protocols in Nanotoxicology will focus on models and methods to increase the quality of nanotoxicology research, and contribute to the hazard and risk assessment of nanomaterial.

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Karolinska Institutet (KI)

Norwegian Institute for Air Research

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