Neuromodulation devices are increasingly used for the treatment of neurological diseases and the restoration of sensory and motor function. In the past decade, multiple innovative neuromodulation technologies (i.e., optical, magnetic, ultrasonic tools, and others) have emerged. However, electrical stimulation is still the primary method that has been used in clinic. Implantable electrodes, which can target specific neural circuits, can provide higher therapeutic spatial accuracy in comparison with non-invasive stimulation and nonspecific pharmacological or biological therapies. With the advancement in material and electrical engineering, innovative electrical stimulation devices and novel stimulation paradigms are being explored to increase the stimulation efficacy. However, our understanding of the safety and effectiveness of electrical stimulation is limited to the minimal data collected from traditional electrodes at a sparse set of stimulation paradigms and using conventional characterization tools. Concerns over neural tissue and functional damage produced by electrical stimulation constrain the available stimulation parameter range. Therefore, the possible therapeutic options for many novel stimulation devices or applications are limited.
This Research Topic aims at collecting studies focusing on the neuronal and non-neuronal responses to electrical stimulation at cellular, circuit, and system levels. This will deepen our understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the safety and efficacy of the stimulation. Given the complexity of the nervous system, the safety and efficacy of electrical stimulation, including both the device and the stimulation paradigms, requires multifaceted considerations in neuroinflammation, cell-type specificity, neural circuitry adaptation, systemic functional effect, stimulation electrode geometry, electrode material, and electrical field distribution, etc. In addition, considerations need to be given to the interactions among different factors. For example, we should consider how neural tissue changes would impact the effectiveness of the preset stimulation, how electrical stimulation parameters would affect the electrode integrity, and how electrode degradation would change the electrical field distribution, etc.
This Research Topic welcomes Original Research, Systematic Review, Methods, Review, Mini Review, Perspective, and Case Report articles. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
? Innovative in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical methods to evaluate the safety and efficacy of electrical stimulation.
? Original findings in biological responses, including neuronal, glial, vascular, and behavioral changes, to the stimulation.
? Safety of materials used in electrical stimulation devices.
? Molecular, neurochemical, and neuropeptide measurements as a result of electrical stimulation (such as stimulated dopamine release).
? The efficacy and safety study of electrode probes such as metal or conducting polymer stimulating electrodes, carbon fiber microelectrodes, glassy carbon electrodes, microdialysis probes, in vivo fiber photometry, optogenetic probes, and other novel probes
Neuromodulation devices are increasingly used for the treatment of neurological diseases and the restoration of sensory and motor function. In the past decade, multiple innovative neuromodulation technologies (i.e., optical, magnetic, ultrasonic tools, and others) have emerged. However, electrical stimulation is still the primary method that has been used in clinic. Implantable electrodes, which can target specific neural circuits, can provide higher therapeutic spatial accuracy in comparison with non-invasive stimulation and nonspecific pharmacological or biological therapies. With the advancement in material and electrical engineering, innovative electrical stimulation devices and novel stimulation paradigms are being explored to increase the stimulation efficacy. However, our understanding of the safety and effectiveness of electrical stimulation is limited to the minimal data collected from traditional electrodes at a sparse set of stimulation paradigms and using conventional characterization tools. Concerns over neural tissue and functional damage produced by electrical stimulation constrain the available stimulation parameter range. Therefore, the possible therapeutic options for many novel stimulation devices or applications are limited.
This Research Topic aims at collecting studies focusing on the neuronal and non-neuronal responses to electrical stimulation at cellular, circuit, and system levels. This will deepen our understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the safety and efficacy of the stimulation. Given the complexity of the nervous system, the safety and efficacy of electrical stimulation, including both the device and the stimulation paradigms, requires multifaceted considerations in neuroinflammation, cell-type specificity, neural circuitry adaptation, systemic functional effect, stimulation electrode geometry, electrode material, and electrical field distribution, etc. In addition, considerations need to be given to the interactions among different factors. For example, we should consider how neural tissue changes would impact the effectiveness of the preset stimulation, how electrical stimulation parameters would affect the electrode integrity, and how electrode degradation would change the electrical field distribution, etc.
This Research Topic welcomes Original Research, Systematic Review, Methods, Review, Mini Review, Perspective, and Case Report articles. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
? Innovative in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical methods to evaluate the safety and efficacy of electrical stimulation.
? Original findings in biological responses, including neuronal, glial, vascular, and behavioral changes, to the stimulation.
? Safety of materials used in electrical stimulation devices.
? Molecular, neurochemical, and neuropeptide measurements as a result of electrical stimulation (such as stimulated dopamine release).
? The efficacy and safety study of electrode probes such as metal or conducting polymer stimulating electrodes, carbon fiber microelectrodes, glassy carbon electrodes, microdialysis probes, in vivo fiber photometry, optogenetic probes, and other novel probes