Vascular integrity depends on either multiplication or destruction of its cellular components that modulates its wall thickness. Hypoxia induces hypertrophy and hyperplasia of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PSMC) causing vasoconstriction, whereas in systemic circulation, it induces vasodilation. Hypoxia-induced vasodilation may be direct effect of inadequate oxygen to sustain smooth muscle contraction or via indirect effect of the production of vasodilator metabolites in the hypoxic tissues. However, hypoxia induced vasoconstriction in the pulmonary circulation involves formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines and other chemical mediators from lung parenchymal tissues that leads to injury in vascular wall and plays a critical role in vascular remodelling process.
Moreover, hypoxia induces expressions of hypoxia induced factors (HIF-1α and HIF-2α) in various tissues that involves in regulates organ function in hypoxic condition. Specifically, an interaction between HIF-1α and HIF-2α controls the regulatory function of the carotid body that maintains a functional cardio-respiratory homeostasis. An imbalance between HIF-1α and HIF-2α in vascular system influences its pathophysiology with manifestation of various diseases like Hypertension (HTN), Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH), Heart Failure (HF), stroke, kidney diseases as well as in various forms of cancer. In case of intermittent hypoxia (IH) like obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), such imbalance would lead to various vascular pathophysiology, such as endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Development of HTN, including renovascular hypertension (RVH) caused by hypoxia induced alteration of renal vascular and tubular function either by ROS generation or by alterations in renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is yet to be ascertained.
In this Research Topic, researchers are welcome to submit their articles on the following themes:
- Oxygen sensing and chemoreceptor sensitivities,
- Hypoxia and pulmonary vasculature: hypoxia and hypertension, oxidative stress and vascular pathophysiology, low oxygen environment and arterial stiffness, hypoxia and stroke, high altitude and vascular pathophysiology,
- Intermittent hypoxia and treatment,
- Renal hypertension and hypoxia, therapeutic intervention.
Vascular integrity depends on either multiplication or destruction of its cellular components that modulates its wall thickness. Hypoxia induces hypertrophy and hyperplasia of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PSMC) causing vasoconstriction, whereas in systemic circulation, it induces vasodilation. Hypoxia-induced vasodilation may be direct effect of inadequate oxygen to sustain smooth muscle contraction or via indirect effect of the production of vasodilator metabolites in the hypoxic tissues. However, hypoxia induced vasoconstriction in the pulmonary circulation involves formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines and other chemical mediators from lung parenchymal tissues that leads to injury in vascular wall and plays a critical role in vascular remodelling process.
Moreover, hypoxia induces expressions of hypoxia induced factors (HIF-1α and HIF-2α) in various tissues that involves in regulates organ function in hypoxic condition. Specifically, an interaction between HIF-1α and HIF-2α controls the regulatory function of the carotid body that maintains a functional cardio-respiratory homeostasis. An imbalance between HIF-1α and HIF-2α in vascular system influences its pathophysiology with manifestation of various diseases like Hypertension (HTN), Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH), Heart Failure (HF), stroke, kidney diseases as well as in various forms of cancer. In case of intermittent hypoxia (IH) like obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), such imbalance would lead to various vascular pathophysiology, such as endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Development of HTN, including renovascular hypertension (RVH) caused by hypoxia induced alteration of renal vascular and tubular function either by ROS generation or by alterations in renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is yet to be ascertained.
In this Research Topic, researchers are welcome to submit their articles on the following themes:
- Oxygen sensing and chemoreceptor sensitivities,
- Hypoxia and pulmonary vasculature: hypoxia and hypertension, oxidative stress and vascular pathophysiology, low oxygen environment and arterial stiffness, hypoxia and stroke, high altitude and vascular pathophysiology,
- Intermittent hypoxia and treatment,
- Renal hypertension and hypoxia, therapeutic intervention.