Ischemic stroke (also called cerebral ischemia) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, currently with about 30 million sufferers. Despite recent therapeutic advances, ischemic stroke remains a vexing problem.
Innate and adaptive immune regulation after stroke has been indicated to play an important role in the pathological progression of ischemic stroke. The immune cell activation induced by the metabolic processes is defined as immunometabolism and participates in innate and adaptive immune regulation. Multiple signaling pathways coordinate to mediate metabolic reprogramming after immune cell activation. The immunometabolism alteration affects the development, fate, and behavior of T cells, B cells, macrophages, and microglia. The heterogeneity of these cells dictates the prognosis of the disease. Stroke is a heterogeneous disease with multiple additive risk factors and causes, and immunometabolism modulation may contribute. In the context of ischemic stroke induced by neuroinflammatory conditions, immune cells shift their main metabolic pathway from oxidative glycolysis to aerobic glycolysis. This metabolic reprogramming is necessary for the adaptive and innate immune actions and cytokine release in the brain, which could induce substantial injuries. Hence, immunometabolism modulation may be a potential therapeutic target in ischemic stroke.
Of note, aging is associated with the loss of metabolic homeostasis and plasticity in immune cells. In addition, emerging data indicate that sex hormones are involved in the metabolism regulation of immune cells. Previous studies also provided evidence that aging and sex differences affect the onset and prognosis of ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms in the interaction of stroke, aging, sex, and immunometabolism are unclear and need further investigation.
The goal of this Research Topic is to explore the underlying mechanisms of immunometabolism in stroke, as well as their characteristics and relationships regarding aging and sex. We aim to provide a proof-of-concept for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke in different populations.
• Mechanisms of immunometabolism in the context of stroke.
• Effect of aging and sex on ischemic stroke and its underlying mechanism.
• Effect of age and sex hormones on metabolism regulation in immune cells.
• Crosstalks of stroke, aging or sex, and immunometabolism.
• The potential treatment and prevention of ischemic stroke by regulating innate immune responses.
Ischemic stroke (also called cerebral ischemia) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, currently with about 30 million sufferers. Despite recent therapeutic advances, ischemic stroke remains a vexing problem.
Innate and adaptive immune regulation after stroke has been indicated to play an important role in the pathological progression of ischemic stroke. The immune cell activation induced by the metabolic processes is defined as immunometabolism and participates in innate and adaptive immune regulation. Multiple signaling pathways coordinate to mediate metabolic reprogramming after immune cell activation. The immunometabolism alteration affects the development, fate, and behavior of T cells, B cells, macrophages, and microglia. The heterogeneity of these cells dictates the prognosis of the disease. Stroke is a heterogeneous disease with multiple additive risk factors and causes, and immunometabolism modulation may contribute. In the context of ischemic stroke induced by neuroinflammatory conditions, immune cells shift their main metabolic pathway from oxidative glycolysis to aerobic glycolysis. This metabolic reprogramming is necessary for the adaptive and innate immune actions and cytokine release in the brain, which could induce substantial injuries. Hence, immunometabolism modulation may be a potential therapeutic target in ischemic stroke.
Of note, aging is associated with the loss of metabolic homeostasis and plasticity in immune cells. In addition, emerging data indicate that sex hormones are involved in the metabolism regulation of immune cells. Previous studies also provided evidence that aging and sex differences affect the onset and prognosis of ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms in the interaction of stroke, aging, sex, and immunometabolism are unclear and need further investigation.
The goal of this Research Topic is to explore the underlying mechanisms of immunometabolism in stroke, as well as their characteristics and relationships regarding aging and sex. We aim to provide a proof-of-concept for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke in different populations.
• Mechanisms of immunometabolism in the context of stroke.
• Effect of aging and sex on ischemic stroke and its underlying mechanism.
• Effect of age and sex hormones on metabolism regulation in immune cells.
• Crosstalks of stroke, aging or sex, and immunometabolism.
• The potential treatment and prevention of ischemic stroke by regulating innate immune responses.
