About this Research Topic
Enteroviruses are pathogens that can cause human diseases. The genus Enterovirus consists of 15 species including Enterovirus A-L and Rhinovirus A-C. Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are infectious agents causing hand, foot and mouth disease, which may potentially lead to serious neural complications. The majority of HFMD outbreaks have occurred in the Asia-Pacific region, including Malaysia, Vietnam, China, and India. Although vaccination and public health intervention are able to contain the spread of infection, enteroviruses continue to circulate throughout the Asia-Pacific region. Of note, no specific antiviral drugs are available against EV-A71 infection, thus the clinical treatment is basically supportive. For this reason, understanding the host-enterovirus relationship and the underlying pathogenic mechanism is beneficial to the elucidation of the viral pathogenesis of RNA viruses in general. Meanwhile, other enteroviruses can be clinically relevant. Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) caused episodes of outbreaks in North America in 2014, and subsequently other countries. EV-D68 causes respiratory symptoms, and even acute flaccid myelitis in children. Other enteroviruses are associated with such diseases as myocarditis, pericarditis, conjunctivitis, etc. This special issue is devoted to the delineation of the molecular mechanisms of viral pathogenesis, the host factors involved in enteroviral infection, and the development of new detection methods for enteroviruses and of antivirals.
Keywords: Enterovirus, Rhinovirus, Pathogenesis, Host factors, Virus detection, Vaccine Antiviral
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