Given the success of Volume I of this Research Topic, we are pleased to announce the launch of Volume II of The Role of Dietary Interventions in The Regulation of Host-Microbe Interactions. Nowadays, emerging evidence indicates that targeted diet could be an important tool for fighting ageing and diseases via adjusting the intestinal microbial composition. Besides, probiotics and specific strains isolated from human gut microbiota can also directly regulate host health and disease. Gut microbiota breaks down and biotransforms dietary and host-derived components, and these end products as well as bacterial surface components or secretions not only support host growth, but also possess signalling functions on systemic immune and metabolic responses.
Although metagenomics, metabolomics, proteomics and transcriptomics are widely used to explore the interactions among microbiota with environments, diets, and diseases, it is more important to identify the key bacteria by means of these genomics, and isolate the targeted bacteria via cultivating omics, further studying their biological characteristics, their impact on the host.
The external and internal factors within the host can have a tremendous impact on human health, therefore we can intervene in the process of various diseases using personalized nutrition, probiotics or their combination, via regulating individual requirements in nutrition and microbial balance.
Dietary patterns and specific dietary supplements have long been regarded as one of the major external modulators for human health, and most recently generalized probiotics have demonstrated great potential in modulating host health and disease. However, community-wide molecular analyses are only very recently performed to obtain empirical data on dietary effects on the intestinal microbiota and molecular mechanisms of health-elevating effects of probiotics are stepping deeper.
As we know, the large genetic and environmental variation, and the life history events in humans, and the actual composition of diets used in interventions have contributed to the microbiota of individuality. Huge individual differences exist in functional studies of specific dietary supplements and probiotics. Therefore, it is a need to use the combination of metagenomics, metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and omics to identify associations between dietary factors with human microbiota, to identify the links between diet, intestinal microbiota, and health, and to develop personalized nutrition and medicine in parallel with the human genome.
This Research Topic welcomes Original Research and Reviews that provide new insights into:
- Isolation and characterization of new beneficial microorganisms from food and host gut microbiota
- Function and mechanisms of dietary interventions such as, prebiotics, probiotics symbiotics, and supplements in the modulation of the host gut microbiota in health and disease
- Bioinformatic tools (metagenomics, metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and omics) for personalized nutrition in prevention and treatment of disease
- Personalized nutrition in human diseases (e.g. cancers) in the modulation of intestinal microbial disturbance.
- Dietary prebiotics, probiotics and symbiotics used as adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment, mental disease treatment, cardiovascular disease treatment, diabetes treatment and the host gut microbiota