Bone is an essential mechanical support organ for organisms and a vital metabolic and immune-related organ, which plays an essential role in the body's stability. The bone formation process involves mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteoid, nuclear factor receptors, osteoprotegerin, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Bone remodeling is an essential mechanism for maintaining bone metabolism and mechanical function in adulthood. It requires a dynamic balance between osteoblast-induced bone formation and osteoclast-induced bone resorption. Changes in the number or function of any part would inevitably destroy the emotional balance of bone metabolism and cause osteoporosis, Paget's disease, metastatic bone tumors, and other diseases in severe cases.
In recent years, with the prolonged survival of cancer patients, bone metastasis has steadily increased. Among all cancer patients, 30-80% of patients may develop cancerous bone metastases, and the proportion of bone metastases in advanced breast cancer and prostate cancer can reach 65-80%. Once tumor cells complete bone metastasis to form malignant bone tumors, these cells would start a vicious cycle under the action of the bone microenvironment. It brings adverse symptoms such as osteolysis, hypercalcemia, fractures, pain, and nerve compression to patients, severely reducing the patient's quality of life, significantly reducing the possibility of the patient's cure, and even threatening the patient's life.
However, bones have a low blood supply and poor drug penetration, especially in avascular cartilage areas. The dosage is increased to maintain the effective drug concentration, increasing systemic toxicity, drug resistance, and related medical costs. The concept of "bone targeting" was put forward by Pierce in 1986. Its purpose was to increase the drug concentration of target cells or target organs and reduce the systemic adverse drug reactions by reducing drug delivery and lowering the drug concentration of non-target organs. The bone metastasis of many tumors, osteoporosis, and other bone-related diseases have attracted wide attention and urgently need to be solved. Combined with the recent maturity of nano-delivery, many studies have begun to pay attention to this direction.
Researchers have proposed many strategies for the targeted treatment of bone metabolism diseases and tumors, including tumor-targeted or bone-targeted nanomaterials to perform chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, gene therapy, and combination therapy. At present, the bone-targeting molecules reported in the literature mainly include bisphosphonates, aspartate-related small peptides, and aptamers. The passive targeted drug delivery system uses a carrier to encapsulate drugs into liposomes, nanoparticles, nanocapsules, and microparticles. These can be enriched in bone through physiological processes in the body and play a role. The phagocytic system uptakes and carries to the bone and can also use the high permeability and long retention effect in the tumor tissue to make the drug selectively accumulate. The specific active targeted drug delivery system for bone tissue diseases is essential, and the development of nanotechnology provides a good platform for it, and at the same time, provides it with new research ideas.
This Research Topic aims to bring together cutting-edge research on bone-targeted nanoparticle drug delivery systems, including nano vaccines, nano delivery systems, and stimulus-responsive nanomaterials. This Research Topic focuses on the treatment of bone metabolism and bone-related tumor diseases through nano-level pharmacology. Various applications of nanoparticle drug delivery systems to treat osteoporosis, Paget's disease, metastatic bone tumors, and other bone-related diseases are well received.
Original Research Articles, Reviews, opinions, and comments are welcome. Subtopics may include but are not limited to:
•Functionalized bone targeting nanomaterials
•Bone-targeting molecules and mechanism
•New nanotherapeutic strategy for bone-related diseases
•Pharmacokinetics of therapeutic nanomaterials
•Nanomedicine toxicology for bone-related diseases
•Nanomaterial-cell interaction for bone-related diseases
Bone is an essential mechanical support organ for organisms and a vital metabolic and immune-related organ, which plays an essential role in the body's stability. The bone formation process involves mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteoid, nuclear factor receptors, osteoprotegerin, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Bone remodeling is an essential mechanism for maintaining bone metabolism and mechanical function in adulthood. It requires a dynamic balance between osteoblast-induced bone formation and osteoclast-induced bone resorption. Changes in the number or function of any part would inevitably destroy the emotional balance of bone metabolism and cause osteoporosis, Paget's disease, metastatic bone tumors, and other diseases in severe cases.
In recent years, with the prolonged survival of cancer patients, bone metastasis has steadily increased. Among all cancer patients, 30-80% of patients may develop cancerous bone metastases, and the proportion of bone metastases in advanced breast cancer and prostate cancer can reach 65-80%. Once tumor cells complete bone metastasis to form malignant bone tumors, these cells would start a vicious cycle under the action of the bone microenvironment. It brings adverse symptoms such as osteolysis, hypercalcemia, fractures, pain, and nerve compression to patients, severely reducing the patient's quality of life, significantly reducing the possibility of the patient's cure, and even threatening the patient's life.
However, bones have a low blood supply and poor drug penetration, especially in avascular cartilage areas. The dosage is increased to maintain the effective drug concentration, increasing systemic toxicity, drug resistance, and related medical costs. The concept of "bone targeting" was put forward by Pierce in 1986. Its purpose was to increase the drug concentration of target cells or target organs and reduce the systemic adverse drug reactions by reducing drug delivery and lowering the drug concentration of non-target organs. The bone metastasis of many tumors, osteoporosis, and other bone-related diseases have attracted wide attention and urgently need to be solved. Combined with the recent maturity of nano-delivery, many studies have begun to pay attention to this direction.
Researchers have proposed many strategies for the targeted treatment of bone metabolism diseases and tumors, including tumor-targeted or bone-targeted nanomaterials to perform chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, gene therapy, and combination therapy. At present, the bone-targeting molecules reported in the literature mainly include bisphosphonates, aspartate-related small peptides, and aptamers. The passive targeted drug delivery system uses a carrier to encapsulate drugs into liposomes, nanoparticles, nanocapsules, and microparticles. These can be enriched in bone through physiological processes in the body and play a role. The phagocytic system uptakes and carries to the bone and can also use the high permeability and long retention effect in the tumor tissue to make the drug selectively accumulate. The specific active targeted drug delivery system for bone tissue diseases is essential, and the development of nanotechnology provides a good platform for it, and at the same time, provides it with new research ideas.
This Research Topic aims to bring together cutting-edge research on bone-targeted nanoparticle drug delivery systems, including nano vaccines, nano delivery systems, and stimulus-responsive nanomaterials. This Research Topic focuses on the treatment of bone metabolism and bone-related tumor diseases through nano-level pharmacology. Various applications of nanoparticle drug delivery systems to treat osteoporosis, Paget's disease, metastatic bone tumors, and other bone-related diseases are well received.
Original Research Articles, Reviews, opinions, and comments are welcome. Subtopics may include but are not limited to:
•Functionalized bone targeting nanomaterials
•Bone-targeting molecules and mechanism
•New nanotherapeutic strategy for bone-related diseases
•Pharmacokinetics of therapeutic nanomaterials
•Nanomedicine toxicology for bone-related diseases
•Nanomaterial-cell interaction for bone-related diseases
