Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience is delighted to present the ‘Reviews in’ series of article collections. Reviews in will publish high-quality scholarly review papers on key topics in Emotional and Behavioral Dyscontrol in Neurological Disorders. It aims to highlight recent advances in the field, whilst emphasizing important directions and new possibilities for future inquiries. We anticipate the research presented will promote discussion in the community. The Reviews in Emotional and Behavioral Dyscontrol in Neurological Disorders collection welcomes full-length, mini or systematic review papers. New articles will be added to this collection as they are published.

Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung Unviersity

Baylor College of Medicine

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa

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Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

Individual and Social Behaviors

Motivation and Reward

Reviews in Emotional and Behavioral Dyscontrol in Neurological Disorders

Neurological and psychiatric disorders often present complex interrelations and multifaceted challenges in their diagnosis and treatment. Recent research sheds light on innovative strategies and emerging trends that could significantly impact the management of conditions such as Parkinson&apos;s Disease (PD), Tourette Syndrome (TS), Bipolar Spectrum Disorders (BSD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This editorial synthesizes the findings from four key studies, highlighting the potential for integrative approaches, collaborative efforts, and personalized care in addressing these disorders.The paper by <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.931460">Zhang et al.</a> reviewed current evidence on the effectiveness of mind-body exercises in mitigating cognitive decline in PD patients. Indeed, PD, characterized by the degeneration of brain neurons, leads to motor symptoms like bradykinesia and impaired balance, as well as non-motor symptoms such as cognitive impairment. Traditional treatment often involves a combination of medications and mental training. However, the long-term use of psychiatric drugs carries the risk of severe side effects, including brain death and movement disorders. Recent research has focused on mind-body exercises as promising alternatives, such as Tai Chi, Qigong, yoga, and dance.Mind-body exercises integrate concentration, breath control, and physical activity, promoting mental and brain health. These practices have shown potential in enhancing cognitive performance in older adults, both with and without cognitive impairments. Although the research is promising, it also highlighted the need for further studies to address existing limitations and optimize these exercises as therapeutic strategies.The article by <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.991805">Yang et al.</a> exploited bibliometrics and visual analysis of research performed on TS children from 2011 to 2021.TS in children remains an active research area, yet collaboration among researchers and institutions appears insufficient. About 1,200 publications were first chosen in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database and then analyzed by the CiteSpace software. Hotspots and trends of TS were critically reviewed. The analysis revealed that the United States and University College London were the most prolific contributors. However, there was limited cooperation between institutions, countries, and authors. Key research hotspots included epidemiology, comorbidities, deep brain stimulation, behavioral therapy, and basal ganglia.This paper also emphasized the necessity for enhanced international cooperation to advance the understanding and treatment of TS. Future research should focus on psychiatric comorbidities, effective intervention measures, and early warning systems for risk factors. Strengthening collaboration could lead to more comprehensive insights and improved care strategies for children with TS.The review by <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1046471">Digiovanni et al.</a> aimed to elucidate the clinical and biological intersections between BSD and neurological disorders by exploring evidence of shared clinical and biological characteristics.Psychiatric symptoms often precede or complicate neurological disorders, with significant overlaps observed between BSD and neurological conditions like PD, MS, autoimmune encephalitis, epilepsy, and frontotemporal dementia. Despite these overlaps, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain largely unclear. The review highlighted evidence of converging factors such as ion channel dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and impaired neurotransmission. The importance of recognizing alterations that may trigger BSD symptoms before the onset of neurological diseases has been highlighted by the authors. Understanding these intersections can guide future diagnostic and therapeutic research, potentially leading to earlier and more effective interventions.The opinion article by <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1376021">Palumbo and Palumbo</a> discussed recent evidence and perspectives on the research linking social cognition deficits with MS. The research underscored the limited knowledge about social cognition deficits in MS, such as emotion recognition and theory of mind, negatively affecting the clinical management of these aspects.Emotional dyscontrol, such as emotional blunting, uncontrollable crying and/or laughing, and episodes of irritability, sadness, and tearfulness without apparent reasons, has been shown to significantly affect the overall quality of life of many patients with MS. However, emotional dyscontrol in these patients is frequently underdiagnosed and underreported, partly due to the stigma surrounding the condition and because it has been viewed as a psychological reaction to the disease. Moreover, the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria and consensus on classification has been highlighted as an additional factor that complicates the identification of emotional dyscontrol.This article advocated increased awareness and routine assessment of emotional dyscontrol in clinical settings to improve diagnosis and treatment. Personalized assessments and standardized evaluation tasks were recommended to better understand these deficits. Addressing social cognitive impairments could enhance the social and psychological quality of life for individuals with MS.These papers collectively underscore the need for innovative, integrative approaches to manage neurological and psychiatric disorders. Mind-body exercises offer a promising non-pharmacological treatment for cognitive impairment in PD, while enhanced collaboration and focus on comorbidities could advance TS research. Understanding the intersections between BSD and neurological disorders may lead to earlier and more effective interventions. Finally, recognizing and addressing emotional dyscontrol in MS through personalized assessments could significantly improve patient outcomes.As research continues to evolve, fostering collaboration across disciplines and integrating personalized care strategies will be crucial in improving the quality of life for individuals affected by these complex disorders.TT: Writing &#x2013; review &amp; editing. SP: Writing &#x2013; review &amp; editing, Writing &#x2013; original draft, Conceptualization.The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Editorial: Reviews in emotional and behavioral dyscontrol in neurological disorders

Emotional dyscontrol in multiple sclerosis: an opinion article

Psychiatric symptoms frequently predate or complicate neurological disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases. Symptoms of bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD), like mood, behavioral, and psychotic alterations, are known to occur – individually or as a syndromic cluster – in Parkinson’s disease and in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Nonetheless, due to shared pathophysiological mechanisms, or genetic predisposition, several other neurological disorders show significant, yet neglected, clinical and biological overlaps with BSD like neuroinflammation, ion channel dysfunctions, neurotransmission imbalance, or neurodegeneration. BSD pathophysiology is still largely unclear, but large-scale network dysfunctions are known to participate in the onset of mood disorders and psychotic symptoms. Thus, functional alterations can unleash BSD symptoms years before the evidence of an organic disease of the central nervous system. The aim of our narrative review was to illustrate the numerous intersections between BSD and neurological disorders from a clinical-biological point of view and the underlying predisposing factors, to guide future diagnostic and therapeutical research in the field.

Psychiatric symptoms frequently predate or complicate neurological disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases. Symptoms of bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD), like mood, behavioral, and psychotic alterations, are known to occur &#x2013; individually or as a syndromic cluster &#x2013; in Parkinson&#x2019;s disease and in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Nonetheless, due to shared pathophysiological mechanisms, or genetic predisposition, several other neurological disorders show significant, yet neglected, clinical and biological overlaps with BSD like neuroinflammation, ion channel dysfunctions, neurotransmission imbalance, or neurodegeneration. BSD pathophysiology is still largely unclear, but large-scale network dysfunctions are known to participate in the onset of mood disorders and psychotic symptoms. Thus, functional alterations can unleash BSD symptoms years before the evidence of an organic disease of the central nervous system. The aim of our narrative review was to illustrate the numerous intersections between BSD and neurological disorders from a clinical-biological point of view and the underlying predisposing factors, to guide future diagnostic and therapeutical research in the field.

Bipolar spectrum disorders in neurologic disorders

ObjectiveAnalyze the research status of Tourette Syndrome (TS) in children by CiteSpace and determine the current research hotspots and frontiers.</sec>Materials and methodsWe chose publications indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database for studies related to TS in children from 2011 to 2021. We built online cooperation maps of countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords by CiteSpace, and identified hotspots and frontiers of study for children’s TS.</sec>ResultsA total of 1,232 publications about TS in children were downloaded from the WoSCC. The USA (414) was the country with the highest rate of production, and University College London (87) was the institution that had the highest publication rate. Andrea Eugenio Cavanna was the most prolific author (39 papers). There was inactive cooperation between institutions, countries/regions, and authors. The Journal of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry was the most active journal. Hot topics focused on epidemiology, comorbidities, deep brain stimulation, behavioral therapy, basal ganglia, pharmacological treatment, and risk factors of TS in children.</sec>ConclusionAccording to the CiteSpace results, this study found that authors, countries/regions, and institutions were not actively working together. Current research hotspots mainly consist of epidemiology, comorbidities, deep brain stimulation, behavior therapy, and basal ganglia. The main research trends include comorbidities, pharmacological treatment, and risk factors. Therefore, international cooperation should be strengthened in the future, and it should be mindful of the psychiatric comorbidities of TS, the choice of intervention measures, and early warning of risk factors.</sec>

Objective: Analyze the research status of Tourette Syndrome (TS) in children by CiteSpace and determine the current research hotspots and frontiers.Materials and methods: We chose publications indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database for studies related to TS in children from 2011 to 2021. We built online cooperation maps of countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords by CiteSpace, and identified hotspots and frontiers of study for children’s TS.Results: A total of 1,232 publications about TS in children were downloaded from the WoSCC. The USA (414) was the country with the highest rate of production, and University College London (87) was the institution that had the highest publication rate. Andrea Eugenio Cavanna was the most prolific author (39 papers). There was inactive cooperation between institutions, countries/regions, and authors. The Journal of European Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry was the most active journal. Hot topics focused on epidemiology, comorbidities, deep brain stimulation, behavioral therapy, basal ganglia, pharmacological treatment, and risk factors of TS in children.Conclusion: According to the CiteSpace results, this study found that authors, countries/regions, and institutions were not actively working together. Current research hotspots mainly consist of epidemiology, comorbidities, deep brain stimulation, behavior therapy, and basal ganglia. The main research trends include comorbidities, pharmacological treatment, and risk factors. Therefore, international cooperation should be strengthened in the future, and it should be mindful of the psychiatric comorbidities of TS, the choice of intervention measures, and early warning of risk factors.

Trends of Tourette Syndrome in children from 2011 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an important health problem caused by the degeneration of brain neurons. Bradykinesia and lower balance ability seriously affect the quality of life of people with PD. Non-motor symptoms, such as cognitive impairment, accompany the course of the disease but still lack sufficient attention. In general, drugs combined with cognitive training are the most common ways to improve cognitive impairment in people with PD. However, long-term use of psychiatric drugs may lead to side effects such as brain death and movement disorders. Recently, mindfulness has been used by researchers in the treatment of cognitive impairment, because healthy older adults who engage in mind-body exercises for a long time have higher cognitive levels than normal aging populations. Mind-body exercise, as a therapy that combines concentration, breath control, and physical activity, is beneficial for improving practitioners' brain and mental health. Mind-body exercises such as Tai Chi, yoga, dance, and Pilates can improve cognitive performance in older adults with or without cognitive impairment. Therefore, mind-body exercise may be a feasible strategy for the treatment of cognitive impairment in people with PD. This study summarizes the latest evidence that mind-body exercises including Tai Chi, Qigong, yoga, and dance improve cognitive impairment associated with PD. We also explored the limitations of current mind-body exercise research, aiming to provide new ideas for improving mind-body exercise as a strategy to alleviate cognitive impairment in people with PD.

Parkinson&apos;s disease (PD) is an important health problem caused by the degeneration of brain neurons. Bradykinesia and lower balance ability seriously affect the quality of life of people with PD. Non-motor symptoms, such as cognitive impairment, accompany the course of the disease but still lack sufficient attention. In general, drugs combined with cognitive training are the most common ways to improve cognitive impairment in people with PD. However, long-term use of psychiatric drugs may lead to side effects such as brain death and movement disorders. Recently, mindfulness has been used by researchers in the treatment of cognitive impairment, because healthy older adults who engage in mind-body exercises for a long time have higher cognitive levels than normal aging populations. Mind-body exercise, as a therapy that combines concentration, breath control, and physical activity, is beneficial for improving practitioners&apos; brain and mental health. Mind-body exercises such as Tai Chi, yoga, dance, and Pilates can improve cognitive performance in older adults with or without cognitive impairment. Therefore, mind-body exercise may be a feasible strategy for the treatment of cognitive impairment in people with PD. This study summarizes the latest evidence that mind-body exercises including Tai Chi, Qigong, yoga, and dance improve cognitive impairment associated with PD. We also explored the limitations of current mind-body exercise research, aiming to provide new ideas for improving mind-body exercise as a strategy to alleviate cognitive impairment in people with PD.