ß-blockers belong to a broad class of drugs that are FDA approved for cardiovascular diseases.  Some  ß-blockers demonstrated unexpected activity against diseases outside of the cardiovascular system, including CNS disorders, diabetes, cancer and anticancer therapeutics-associated organ toxicities. Furthermore, due to the newly discovered function of ß-adrenergic receptors in immunity, ß-blockers could be used as immunomodulators. For example, the ß-adrenergic receptor non-selective ß-blocker carvedilol demonstrated a protective role against the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin-induced renal toxicity and doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. The pharmacological properties that a ß-blocker exhibits outside of the cardiovascular system may be independent of their ß-blocking activity.  Therefore, the goal of this research topic is to review updated preclinical and clinical evidence regarding ß-blockers in diseases outside of the cardiovascular system. This information is essential for repurposing these FDA-approved drugs for other diseases and for identification of novel mechanisms other than the ß-adrenergic receptor blockade.   
Potential topics for mini-reviews include, but are not limited to:
•	The effects of ß-blockers on cancer progression
•	The effects of ß-blockers on inflammatory disorders
•	The effects of ß-blockers on chemotherapies induced cardiotoxicity
•	The effects of ß-blockers on cancer chemoprevention  
•	The effects of ß-blockers on drug resistance to anticancer therapies
•	Neuroprotective effects of ß-blockers
•	ß-blockers for Alzheimer's diseases
ß-blockers belong to a broad class of drugs that are FDA approved for cardiovascular diseases.  Some  ß-blockers demonstrated unexpected activity against diseases outside of the cardiovascular system, including CNS disorders, diabetes, cancer and anticancer therapeutics-associated organ toxicities. Furthermore, due to the newly discovered function of ß-adrenergic receptors in immunity, ß-blockers could be used as immunomodulators. For example, the ß-adrenergic receptor non-selective ß-blocker carvedilol demonstrated a protective role against the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin-induced renal toxicity and doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. The pharmacological properties that a ß-blocker exhibits outside of the cardiovascular system may be independent of their ß-blocking activity.  Therefore, the goal of this research topic is to review updated preclinical and clinical evidence regarding ß-blockers in diseases outside of the cardiovascular system. This information is essential for repurposing these FDA-approved drugs for other diseases and for identification of novel mechanisms other than the ß-adrenergic receptor blockade.   
Potential topics for mini-reviews include, but are not limited to:
•	The effects of ß-blockers on cancer progression
•	The effects of ß-blockers on inflammatory disorders
•	The effects of ß-blockers on chemotherapies induced cardiotoxicity
•	The effects of ß-blockers on cancer chemoprevention  
•	The effects of ß-blockers on drug resistance to anticancer therapies
•	Neuroprotective effects of ß-blockers
•	ß-blockers for Alzheimer's diseases