The field of invasive alien species (IAS) and climate change is increasingly recognized as a critical area of research due to its profound impact on biodiversity and ecosystem services. IAS are known to cause biodiversity loss, disrupt ecosystem functioning, and pose significant economic challenges by altering habitats, introducing diseases, and outcompeting native species. Marine and transitional water systems are particularly vulnerable, with increased invasion rates linked to global trade and aquaculture activities. Climate change exacerbates this issue by expanding the biogeographical range of marine species, altering ecosystem resilience, and facilitating the establishment of IAS. Despite the growing awareness of these challenges, there remains a significant gap in understanding the synergistic effects of climate change and IAS on ecosystems. Current studies highlight the need for accessible, accurate data to inform effective management strategies, yet comprehensive insights into the factors influencing IAS spread and potential distribution are still lacking. Addressing these gaps is crucial for transforming the risks posed by IAS into opportunities for ecosystem management and conservation.

This research topic aims to explore the multifaceted aspects of marine IAS spread and their associated threats, with a focus on bridging knowledge gaps and enhancing management strategies. The primary objectives include reconstructing invasion histories, identifying areas most susceptible to IAS spread, and forecasting future trends to inform management frameworks. By addressing these aims, the research seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of IAS dynamics and develop innovative solutions for mitigating their impacts.

To gather further insights in the complex interplay between IAS and climate change, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- New tools for monitoring IAS presence and early warning systems through innovative technologies.
- Documented impacts of invasive species on socio-economy, biodiversity, and human health.
- Cumulative impacts on native biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of IAS.
- New records to fill knowledge gaps on alien species distribution as a prerequisite for mitigation actions.
- Identification of the most vulnerable areas and habitat types in the face of climate change.
- Predictions of IAS spread in the context of climate change using species modeling approaches.
- Prioritization of vectors and pathways of introduction for different sub-basins in light of climate change.
- Possible exploitation of alien species for new resources, such as ecosystem services and bioactive compounds.
- Effectiveness of biosecurity measures and management tools for large-scale application.
- Deployment of smart eco-engineering solutions, such as saltwater-freshwater barriers.

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The Threat of Invasive Alien Species and the Challenge of Climate Change