The field of neuroimmunology has witnessed significant advancements, particularly in understanding the role of neurotransmitters beyond their traditional function in neuronal signaling. Neurotransmitters are now starting to be recognized as pivotal players in immunomodulation, influencing immune responses in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. They modulate a wide array of immune cell functions, including cytokine production, phagocytosis, antibody responses, and the regulation of cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Recent studies have provided insights into the molecular, cellular, and systemic levels of neurotransmitter-mediated immunomodulation, shedding light on their involvement in physiological and pathological conditions such as autoimmune disorders, cancer, and inflammation. However, the precise mechanisms and signaling pathways through which neurotransmitters exert their regulatory effects on immunity and inflammation remain inadequately understood. This gap in knowledge underscores the need for further investigation to unravel the complexities of neurotransmitter-driven immunomodulation.

This research topic aims to compile cutting-edge research that explores the multifaceted effects of neurotransmitters on immune cell functions. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge, the goal is to stimulate further investigations into the exciting field of neurotransmitter-driven immunomodulation. Specific questions to be addressed include the identification of neurotransmitter receptors and signaling pathways in immune cells, the impact of neurotransmitters on immune cell activities, and the role of neurotransmitter-mediated changes in immune function in various pathological conditions.

To gather further insights into the neurotransmitter-mediated modulation of immune cells, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- Presence and activity of neurotransmitter receptors and signaling pathways in various immune cell types that mediate innate and adaptive immune responses.
- Impact of neurotransmitters on immune cell activation, differentiation, metabolism, migration, and effector functions during homeostasis.
- Role of neurotransmitter-mediated changes in immune function in the development of inflammation, cancers, and other pathogenic conditions.
- Effects of neurotransmitters on cytokine production and release, and the signaling pathways mediating these processes.
- Novel methodologies for studying neurotransmitter-immune cell interactions.
- Potential utility of neurotransmitter receptors and signaling pathways as therapeutic targets in immune-related disorders.

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Neurotransmitter-Driven Immunomodulation: Unraveling Complexities in Immune Cell Function and Pathology