Human diseases are broadly categorized into acute conditions, such as hemorrhage, trauma, and toxicosis, and chronic diseases including malignant tumors, hypertension, diabetes, and inflammatory disorders. Although acute and chronic diseases are frequently treated as separate entities, clinical observations indicate significant interactions and differences between these two categories. Emerging studies have revealed complex relationships, highlighting that some acute diseases can progress to chronic pathology, and conversely, chronic diseases can lead to acute exacerbations or episodes. This dynamic interplay presents unique challenges for effective diagnosis, prognostic evaluation, and development of targeted therapeutic approaches. Recent literature has identified novel biomarkers and molecular pathways shared between these acute and chronic conditions, providing insights into their correlation and heterogeneity. However, significant knowledge gaps remain concerning the underlying biological mechanisms, reliable biomarkers, and predictive indicators that drive these interactions or distinctions, underscoring the urgent need for comprehensive investigations in this area of clinical research.

This Research Topic aims to elucidate the correlation or heterogeneity between acute and chronic human diseases. The primary objectives involve identifying novel biomarkers to enhance early diagnosis and enable differentiating which acute conditions will evolve into chronic disease states, uncovering underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate disease transition, exploring prognostic tools predictive of clinical outcomes, and developing improved therapeutic strategies to effectively manage patients exhibiting interrelated acute and chronic pathologies. These insights intend to bridge existing knowledge gaps and ultimately influence clinical decision-making, patient monitoring, and personalized medicine.

To gather further insights within the correlation or heterogeneity between acute and chronic diseases, this Research Topic will specifically address acute and chronic conditions involving mechanistic studies, biomarker development, clinical prognosis, and therapeutic interventions. We welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:

o Investigation of heterogeneity within acute diseases (examples include hemorrhage, trauma, toxicosis), emphasizing biomarkers discovery, molecular pathways, predictive outcomes, and novel therapeutic strategies.

o Exploration of heterogeneity within chronic diseases (examples include malignant tumors, hypertension, diabetes, inflammation), including analyses focused on biomarkers characterization, molecular mechanisms, clinical prognosis, and targeted treatments.

o Studies evaluating the correlation and interplay between acute and chronic conditions, such as transitions from acute events into chronic disease progression or acute exacerbations driven by underlying chronic diseases.

o Discovery, validation, and application of biomarkers that distinguish or link acute and chronic disease states for better diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.

o Innovative prognostic prediction models and novel therapeutic approaches specifically addressing either acute and/or chronic health conditions and their interactions.

We welcome Original Research, Review Articles, Case Studies, and Methodological Innovations addressing these and related topics.

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Exploring the Correlation and Heterogeneity Between Acute and Chronic Diseases: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Perspectives