Understanding the interplay between immune cells and targeted cancer therapies is crucial for advancing oncological treatments. While targeted therapies like BRAF inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and JAK inhibitors offer promising avenues for treating cancer, resistance remains a significant hurdle. One area gaining attention is the role of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and peripherally, and how these cells alter therapeutic outcomes. Recent studies suggest that targeted therapies modulate immune responses in various ways, offering new insights into treatment resistance and efficacy. Despite these advancements, gaps remain in understanding how these interactions can be leveraged to fine-tune cancer therapies further.

This Research Topic aims to delve into how targeted therapies affect immune cell functionality and interactions, specifically focusing on the TME. By investigating the activation, suppression, and reprogramming of immune cells by these therapies, this research seeks to uncover mechanisms underlying resistance or enhanced responses. Through testing hypotheses about immune cell behavior and targeted therapy-induced modulation, the goal is to outline strategies to overcome resistance, improve therapeutic efficacy, and explore potential synergies with treatments like immune checkpoint inhibitors.

To gather further insights into the dynamic relationship between immune cells and cancer therapies, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:

• Modulation of immune responses by targeted therapies
• Role of the TME in targeted therapy resistance
• Mechanisms of immune activation and suppression by targeted therapies
• Synergies between targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors
• Strategies to enhance targeted therapeutic outcomes through immune modulation

We encourage diverse article types, including original research, reviews, perspectives, and case studies, to enrich this Research Topic.

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Immune Cell Modulation in Tumor Resistance and Response to Targeted Therapies