Given the success of Volume I of this Research Topic, and how rapid the subject area is evolving, we are pleased to announce the launch of Understanding Retinopathy of Prematurity: Update on Clinic and Pathogenesis Volume II.

In the field of pediatric ophthalmology, retinal disorders like retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are significant contributors to preventable childhood blindness. Unlike retinal diseases in adults, pediatric retinal conditions involve complex interactions with neurovascular development and systemic health, often impacting cognitive development. Recent studies have shed light on the molecular and cellular pathways affecting retinal angiogenesis, neural differentiation, and inflammation, identifying key components such as VEGF, IGF-1, and EPO. Accompanying technological progress, AI-assisted imaging and novel therapeutic strategies are paving the way for enhanced diagnosis and treatment. However, challenges remain, including early detection in high-risk infants and understanding retina-brain interactions.

This Research Topic aims to present cutting-edge investigations into the fundamental mechanisms and clinical applications pertinent to pediatric retinal health. It seeks to address unanswered questions regarding the efficacy of current interventions and to explore novel strategies in both the diagnosis and treatment of conditions like ROP. By integrating insights from various specialties, the research aims to foster a more profound understanding of pediatric retinal disorders to promote overall pediatric health outcomes.

Set within the spectrum of pediatric retinal research, this Research Topic invites articles focusing on, but not limited to, the following themes:
• Molecular mechanisms in retinal vascular and neural development, with a focus on VEGF, IGF-1, EPO, and inflammatory pathways.
• Innovative retinal repair strategies including stem cell and gene therapies
• Pioneering early diagnostic and intervention methods
• Visual dysfunction associated with neurodevelopmental disorders
• Emerging treatment modalities and targeted drug delivery systems
• Influence of nutrition and environment on retinal development
• Long - term visual, neurological, and psychosocial outcomes in pediatric retinal disorder patients.
• Case reports that provide valuable insights into rare or complex pediatric retinal conditions.

We invite submissions of original research articles, review papers, and case studies that contribute to the growing body of research on this important subject.

Are you interested in contributing a manuscript to this Research Topic?

Understanding Retinopathy of Prematurity: Update on Clinic and Pathogenesis Volume II