Neurological disorders stand as a formidable challenge globally, leading to the highest levels of disability and ranking second in causes of death worldwide. The impact is gravely felt in low- and middle-income countries, where over 80% of mortalities and health detriments related to these conditions persist, showcasing a critical disparity in diagnostic and therapeutic resources. The advent of multi-omics and high-throughput proteomics technologies has notably advanced diagnostic potential, allowing for both pre-symptomatic and symptomatic recognition across diverse neurological disorders—be they genetic or non-genetic. Therapeutic innovation is on the rise with techniques such as gene therapy, exon skipping, and gene editing offering promising developments. Despite these strides, the complexity of delivering treatments through the blood-brain barrier remains an area ripe for investigation.

This Research Topic aims to explore groundbreaking diagnostic strategies and novel therapeutic modalities for neurological diseases. Considering the multifaceted nature of these diseases—stemming from genetic predispositions, epigenetic factors, metabolic influences, autoimmunity, and infections—the resultant neuroinflammatory responses hold substantial clinical impacts. The primary objective is to elucidate these biological mechanisms and spotlight avant-garde approaches for precise diagnosis and intervention. By integrating findings from earlier studies, this Research Topic seeks to bridge foundational molecular research with clinical application, enhancing understanding of innovative diagnostic tools and therapies.

To gather further insights into diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in neurological disorders, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:

- Development of high-throughput multi-omic strategies, including genomic and whole proteome investigations
- High-throughput phage-immunoprecipitation sequencing and single-cell transcriptomic profiling studies
- Translational neuroimaging approaches, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
- Metabolomic approaches
- Gene therapies and adoptive targeted neuro-immunotherapies
- Cytokine antagonist and agonist therapies
- Nanobodies as neuro-immunotherapeutic agents
- Gut microbiota modulations
- Low-cost nutritional and alternative preventive or curative therapies

This Research Topic emphasizes basic and applied research without encompassing clinical trials. We encourage submissions of original research and comprehensive reviews, including scoping and systematic reviews accompanied by narrative synthesis or meta-analysis, to advance understanding and identify evolving trends and gaps in this developing field.

Are you interested in contributing a manuscript to this Research Topic?

Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Pathways in Neurological Disorders: From Molecular Insights to Innovation