Amid the growing global demand for sustainable agriculture, the application of nanomaterials in plant science offers novel strategies to improve crop productivity. This research topic highlights the innovative role of nanoparticles (NPs) in regulating photosynthetic electron transport chains and their potential to enhance plant growth. Studies demonstrate that NPs, such as carbon dots, leveraging their unique surface functional groups and superior electron-conducting properties, integrate into the electron transport chain between Photosystem II (PSII) and Photosystem I (PSI) in plant chloroplasts. This integration significantly reduces energy loss and accelerates photoinduced electron transfer efficiency. Experimental evidence confirms that CDs-treated model plants (e.g., Arabidopsis and tomato) exhibit a 20% increase in light-energy conversion rates, alongside marked improvements in biomass accumulation and chlorophyll content. Furthermore, the low toxicity and environmentally benign nature of NPs underscore their suitability for large-scale agricultural applications. This issue comprehensively reviews the mechanisms underlying NPs-plant nano-bio interactions, explores their potential to boost photosynthetic efficiency, mitigate environmental stress, and advance green agriculture, ultimately providing theoretical and practical foundations for future precision agriculture technologies.

Global population growth and climate change intensify the demand for sustainable agricultural strategies to address food insecurity. A critical challenge lies in improving photosynthetic efficiency, as traditional approaches (e.g., genetic engineering or fertilizer optimization) face limitations in scalability and energy conversion rates. Recent advances highlight NPs as promising nano-bioagents capable of enhancing light absorption and regulating electron transport in photosynthesis. By integrating NPs into plant systems, studies demonstrate their ability to minimize energy loss in photosystems and accelerate electron transfer, thereby boosting biomass yield. This Research Topic aims to decode NPs-plant interaction mechanisms, optimize NPs design for targeted electron transport enhancement, and validate their efficacy under real-world stressors, bridging nanotechnology, plant physiology, and precision agriculture for scalable, eco-friendly crop solutions. Areas of focus for this issue include, but not limited to:

• Field-scale validation of NPs-enhanced crop performance
• NPs synthesis tailored for photosynthetic compatibility
• Quantitative analysis of NPs-mediated enhancements in light-energy conversion
• NPs-engineered stress resilience (e.g., drought, high-light) through redox modulation
• Environmental and biosafety assessments of NPs applications in agroecosystems
• Molecular analysis of NPs-mediated photosynthetic enhancement
• Bio-analysis of structural and functional changes of NPs-engineered plants

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Nanoparticles-Mediated Photosynthetic Electron Transfer for Enhanced Plant Growth