The bidirectional communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Once considered merely a fat storage depot, adipose tissue is now recognized as a dynamic endocrine organ that secretes hormones, cytokines, and metabolites—collectively known as adipokines—that influence CNS activity. The hypothalamus, a key regulatory center in the brain, integrates these signals with external and internal cues to control feeding behavior, energy expenditure, and systemic metabolism. Conversely, the CNS modulates adipose tissue function through autonomic pathways. Disruption in this intricate crosstalk contributes to the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Understanding these communication pathways is essential to unraveling the neural and hormonal regulation of energy balance.
This Research Topic aims to explore the mechanisms underlying CNS-adipose tissue communication in the context of metabolic regulation. Despite significant advances, many questions remain unanswered regarding how specific neuronal populations and adipose-derived factors interact to influence systemic metabolism. Of particular interest are the roles of the hypothalamus, sympathetic and parasympathetic circuits, and signaling molecules such as leptin, insulin, and inflammatory mediators. Moreover, evolutionary perspectives suggest that human energy allocation strategies—including the co-evolution of large brains and significant fat stores—may hold clues to understanding the energetic trade-offs involved.
By addressing these topics, this collection seeks to uncover how brain-adipose tissue crosstalk is altered in metabolic diseases and how this knowledge can inform new therapeutic approaches. Research may also investigate how environmental and lifestyle factors reshape this communication, influencing energy balance, cognitive function, and complex behaviors.
We welcome contributions that investigate the neurobiological, endocrine, and molecular mechanisms of CNS-adipose tissue communication. Topics may include:
o Hypothalamic regulation of metabolism
o The role of adipokines and neuropeptides
o Neural circuits controlling energy homeostasis
o Metabolism and its impact on different aspects of cognition
o The impact of inflammation, diet, or stress on these pathways
Both basic and translational research is encouraged.
We invite original research articles, reviews, mini-reviews, and hypothesis-driven perspectives that address these themes. Studies employing advanced techniques such as optogenetics, chemogenetics, transgenic models, metabolic phenotyping, or neuroimaging are particularly welcome. Contributions with integrative or interdisciplinary approaches will be prioritized.

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Metabolic Communication: The Role of Adipose Tissue and the Central Nervous System