Electrochemical sensors have become pivotal in healthcare, environmental monitoring, and food safety due to their rapid response, portability, and cost-effectiveness. Emerging nanocomposites, integrating noble metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, non-metal oxides, nano-carbon materials, conductive polymers, MOFs, COFs, MXenes or biomolecules, offer unparalleled advantages such as enhanced conductivity, catalytic activity, and stability, enabling ultrasensitive and selective detection of analytes in complex matrices. However, challenges persist in optimizing material interfaces, mitigating biofouling, and understanding nanocomposite interactions with biological or environmental systems. Addressing these gaps is critical for advancing precision detection technologies tailored to real-world applications.

This Research Topic highlights the cutting-edge advancements in functionally engineered nanocomposites for electrochemical sensing. We aim to explore innovative synthesis strategies, synergistic mechanisms, and interfacial engineering approaches that improve the sensing detection performance. Additionally, we seek studies elucidating how nanocomposites interact with target analytes and coexisting interferents in physiological or environmental settings, bridging the gap between laboratory innovation and practical deployment.

This Research Topic is an international and interdisciplinary forum on valuable issues facing the application of emerging nanocomposites in electrochemical sensors. We sincerely welcome high-quality original research and review papers addressing this topic. Possible research themes include, but are not limited to:

• Design of nanocomposites (e.g., metal-organic frameworks, graphene hybrids, conductive polymer blends) for signal amplification, antifouling, or multiplexed detection.

• Synergistic mechanisms (e.g., catalytic, adsorption, or molecular recognition) in multi-component nanocomposites.

• Surface functionalization strategies to enhance biocompatibility, stability, or analyte specificity.

• Applications in precision medicine (e.g., biomarker detection), environmental toxin monitoring, or food quality control.

• Interaction studies between nanocomposites and biological/environmental systems (e.g., protein corona effects, degradation pathways).

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Emerging Nanocomposites in Electrochemical Sensors