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The integration of augmentation technologies—such as exoskeletons, neuroprosthetics, and wearable assistive devices—has advanced rapidly in recent years, presenting new opportunities and challenges for both the fields of neuroscience and engineering. These technologies are designed to extend, restore, or supplement the human sensorimotor repertoire. However, the full potential of such interventions can only be realized by a comprehensive understanding of how these devices physically, functionally, and cognitively interface with the human body and nervous system. Current research efforts are beginning to reveal the multi-layered complexity of these interactions, highlighting the need for approaches that integrate neural, physiological, biomechanical, and behavioral perspectives.

The scope of this Research Topic encompasses empirical, theoretical, and methodological work that probes the mechanisms underlying the interaction between augmentation technologies and biological systems. This includes device-to-body communication at different levels—from peripheral tissues and musculoskeletal structures to central sensorimotor integration and cognitive adaptation. We are interested in contributions that address these issues in both healthy individuals and clinical populations, with the aim of clarifying principles that govern successful augmentation, adaptation, and acceptance.

We invite submissions addressing, but not limited to, the following topics:

• Neural and physiological pathways engaged by augmentation technologies; adaptation and plasticity in the central and peripheral nervous system

• Sensorimotor integration and feedback mechanisms in the use of exoskeletons, prosthetics, and other wearable devices

• The role of embodiment, cognitive load, and user acceptance in the successful adoption of augmentation technologies

• Biomechanical and ergonomic considerations for optimizing the human-device interface

• Methods for objectively evaluating user-device synergy, including neuroimaging, motion capture, and advanced behavioral assessments

• The influence of long-term use of augmentation devices on neural and musculoskeletal systems

• Translational studies and real-world application, including rehabilitation, enhancement, and industrial or daily-life scenarios

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Augmentation technology: understanding better how such devices interface with the body