The intricate relationship between aging and the gut microbiome is a burgeoning field of research, particularly in the context of inflammaging—a low-grade chronic inflammatory state associated with aging. Aging brings alterations in the composition of gut microbiota, often characterized by reduced diversity and the presence of pathogenic taxa. These microbiome changes may further exacerbate the aging process by contributing to inflammaging, reinforcing the need to understand this feedback loop. The influence of lifestyle factors, particularly diet, on this gut microbiome and aging relationship is gaining attention, as dietary components have the potential to regulate inflammatory mediators directly or via the microbiome-aging interaction, creating opportunities for new interventions.

This Research Topic aims to explore recent advancements in understanding how diet affects gut microbiome alterations linked with inflammaging. We aim to elucidate the molecular pathways through which dietary constituents or patterns impact the gut microbiota, potentially exerting pro- or anti-inflammatory effects that contribute to or help guard against the development and progression of age-related diseases. Insightful studies into how various nutrients and dietary patterns, such as the beneficial Mediterranean diet compared to the pro-inflammatory Western diet, influence these interactions are critical for developing targeted dietary interventions.

The boundaries of this Research Topic cover the complex interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and inflammaging. We welcome Original Research articles, Reviews, Mini Reviews, and Opinions addressing the following themes, but not limited to:

o In vitro and animal models exploring molecular mechanisms through which dietary components impact the gut microbiome in inflammaging.
o Human studies assessing the role of dietary constituents or patterns on gut microbiome changes in inflammation and age-associated diseases.
o Identification of dietary-altered biomarkers, such as metabolites or commensal bacteria, in chronic inflammation and aging processes.
o Probiotic and postbiotic interventions targeting immune responses in age-related diseases.
o In-silico studies identifying dietary components affecting the gut microbiome in age-related diseases.

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Impact of Diet on Gut Microbiome Regulation in Chronic Inflammation and Aging Processes