The integration of advanced biological sciences with nutrition is transforming our understanding of the dynamic relationship between diet and animal biology, encompassing both how organisms respond to dietary inputs and how nutrients influence molecular pathways and omics profiles. In livestock, the emerging fields of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics provide powerful tools to explore genotype–environment interactions and their impact on health, productivity, and product quality. Advances in high-throughput sequencing and multi-omics approaches, encompassing transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and metagenomics, enable a systems-level view of nutrient–gene interactions. These insights pave the way for precision nutrition strategies that optimize feed efficiency, enhance animal welfare, and reduce environmental impact. By bridging molecular data with practical feeding programs, nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics hold the potential to transform livestock production in a sustainable and economically viable manner.

This Research Topic addresses the significant gap in connecting molecular insights with practical feeding strategies by investigating the multifaceted interactions between nutrition, genetics, genomics, and molecular biology in all livestock species, including beef and dairy cattle, pigs, chickens, fish, sheep, goats, and others. Key questions include how diverse omics sciences, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, metagenomics, and emerging fields can be integrated to reveal consistent patterns in nutrient metabolism, gene expression, and microbial dynamics across species, breeds, nutritional strategies, and production systems. This collection seeks to compile innovative research that uncovers molecular mechanisms underlying genotype–environment interactions, tests translational strategies for precision feeding, and explores advanced analytical and computational models.

The scope of this Research Topic involves all the aspects related to the central theme of Livestock Nutritional Genomics. It encourages Original Research, Reviews, and Methodological Advances within the following subthemes:

• Explore the complex interplay between nutrients, genetics, and physiology in livestock, focusing on diverse omics approaches (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, metagenomics, etc.).

• Investigate how genotype–environment interactions influence nutrient metabolism, feed efficiency, health, and production traits.

• Elucidate mechanisms by which dietary interventions modulate gene expression, protein synthesis, metabolite profiles, and microbiome composition.

• Highlight methodological advances and novel biomarkers that enable improved understanding of nutritional genomics in livestock.

• Present integrative strategies that translate molecular insights into practical feeding solutions for animal production.

• Modeling and bioinformatics pipelines for omics data integration.

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Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics in Livestock

Topic Coordinator