Aflatoxins, carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus species, pose serious threats to the safety and security of food and feed, agricultural productivity, and the economy. The pressures of climate change are exacerbating these dangers, as shifts in temperature, humidity, and precipitation create environments that favor the proliferation of aflatoxin-producing fungi. This is especially concerning for staple crops such as maize, peanuts, and tree nuts, which are crucial to global food security. Current research underscores the need for a comprehensive, integrated strategy to address these heightened risks, employing innovations in detection technologies, biological control measures, and climate-adapted agricultural practices.

This Research Topic aims to develop multidimensional strategies for managing aflatoxin risks, focusing on three key areas. First, advancements in detection technologies are crucial. This includes the development and validation of rapid, cost-effective, and portable tools for real-time aflatoxin detection in crops before harvest, alongside leveraging AI and machine learning for predictive modeling. Second, biocontrol measures and agricultural practices need to be re-evaluated. This involves exploring the use of non-toxigenic Aspergillus strains and other biological agents, as well as optimizing cultural practices such as crop rotation and controlled irrigation. Evaluating genetically modified crops resistant to fungal infections is also necessary. Third, comprehensive climate impact assessments and adaptive strategies must be pursued. Modeling different climate change scenarios will help predict shifts in aflatoxin outbreaks, while adaptive agricultural strategies, such as altering planting schedules or developing resilient crop varieties, can mitigate these effects.

To gather further insights into managing aflatoxin risks amid climate change, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:

o Rapid diagnostic tools for aflatoxin detection

o AI-driven modeling of aflatoxin risk under climate change

o Biological control of aflatoxigenic fungi

o Climate-resilient agricultural practices

o Policy frameworks and stakeholder engagement in aflatoxin risk management

This research is vital for strengthening food safety and security, especially in regions reliant on vulnerable crops. By advancing knowledge and understanding of the intersection between climate change and aflatoxin risks, and developing integrative management strategies, this research supports the sustainability and resilience of agricultural systems while safeguarding economic and public health interests globally.

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Climate Change and Aflatoxin: Enhancing Detection and Control Strategies