Microbial virulence factors and resistance that translate into pathogenesis are pivotal elements in understanding life-threatening infections, especially with the steady increase in immunocompromised patients suffering from conditions like AIDS, cancer, metabolic diseases, and post-transplant complications. Recent studies have shed light on the virulence factors of pathogenic bacteria, fungi, oomycota and microalgae, and their intrinsic or acquired resistance mechanisms. Notably, global estimates indicate rising and alarming numbers of infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, invasive fungal infections and pseudofungal infections, which require immediate attention. With the rising threat of drug-resistant strains and limitations in current treatment options, there is an urgent demand for novel and effective solutions.

This Research Topic aims to consolidate research on microbial virulence factors, focusing on updates pertaining to virulence traits and resistance phenotypes impacting infection initiation and progression. It also seeks to uncover new molecular-level insights related to the expression, evolution, and dissemination of virulence factors and resistance mechanisms across pathogenic microorganisms. Additionally, contributions are encouraged on combined, novel or alternative therapies and strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance and those exploring new cellular targets for potential drugs.

To gather further insights into microbial pathogenesis, virulence factors and resistance mechanisms, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
- Morphological transformation as a means to promote pathogenesis and infection persistence
- The distribution and evolution of virulence factors in different microbial taxa
- Novel resistance phenotypes and strategies for overcoming them
- Interaction and evasion tactics with host immune systems and the ways to avoid the immune response and spreading the pathogen's cells
- Innovative therapies and delivery systems such as Troygenics, chemosensitizers, nanoparticles, cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) and extracellular vesicles
- Cell surface structures, capsule and melanin, and their role in pathogenesis

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New Insights on Microbial Virulence Factors, Resistance, and Novel Therapeutic Strategies