In recent years, cancer biology has witnessed a paradigm shift with the discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as key modulators of tumor development, progression, and therapy resistance. Beyond the well-studied coding genome, ncRNAs—including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and others—have emerged as crucial regulators of gene expression and cellular signaling networks in cancer.

By gathering contributions from diverse fields—including molecular biology, genomics, bioinformatics, and clinical research—, this collection aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how ncRNA research is redefining our understanding of cancer biology, diagnosis and treatment. We invite submissions that offer cutting-edge insights and open new avenues for translational applications in oncology.

This Research Topic aims to explore the latest advances in the implication of ncRNAs in cancer - from carcinogenesis, to cancer progression, therapy resistance and their involvement in the tumor microenvironment.

We welcome original research articles, reviews, and perspectives that address, but are not limited to, the following themes:

• Functional characterization of ncRNAs in oncogenesis, metastasis, and tumor microenvironment interactions;

• Mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate gene expression and epigenetic modifications in cancer cells; o Emerging ncRNA-based diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers;

• Clinical implications and challenges of targeting ncRNAs in cancer therapy;

• Innovative technologies and methodologies for studying ncRNAs in cancer.

Please note: Manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics, computational analysis, or predictions of public databases which are not accompanied by validation (independent clinical or patient cohort, or biological validation in vitro or in vivo, which are not based on public databases) are not suitable for publication in this journal.

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Non-coding RNAs in Cancer: New Frontiers