Vascular disease is inherently multifactorial, spanning structural remodeling, hemodynamic stress, inflammation, thrombosis, and device–tissue interaction. No single modality can capture this full complexity at the spatial and temporal scales required for decision‑critical imaging before, during, and after intervention. Hybrid vascular imaging (tight integration of anatomic, functional, and molecular techniques with procedural guidance) has entered a pivotal phase. Routine clinical platforms (e.g., PET/CT and SPECT/CT) are now complemented by emerging combinations such as PET/MR, ultrasound–photoacoustic, IVUS–OCT, and angiography fused with cone‑beam CT and real‑time ultrasound. In parallel, AI‑enabled registration, radiomics/radiogenomics, and hemodynamic modeling (e.g., 4D‑flow MRI + CT‑based computational fluid dynamics) are turning multi‑source data into actionable patient‑specific insights.
Interventional radiologists stand at the center of this evolution: they must triage patients, tailor access and devices, guide therapy in real time, and assess response, often within a single session. This Research Topic will assemble original research, methods, and critical syntheses that raise diagnostic precision and improve procedural outcomes through hybrid imaging workflows that are practical, safe, and scalable across care settings.
We welcome contributions spanning bench to bedside: from phantoms and large‑animal models to first‑in‑human studies and pragmatic clinical trials, as well as implementation science on workflow, economics, training, and equity. Our goal is to define best practices and catalyze a community blueprint for next‑generation, integrated vascular imaging that directly informs interventional strategy and follow‑up.

Topics of interest include:
- Multimodal integration for vascular inflammation and vulnerability: PET/CT, PET/MR, SPECT/CT, radiotracers for plaque biology, thrombus, endograft infection.
- Angio‑suite hybridization: ultrasound–fluoroscopy fusion, cone‑beam CT road‑mapping, PET/CT‑to‑angiography co‑registration, intra‑op perfusion and dual‑energy CT.
- Intravascular hybrid tools: IVUS–OCT co‑registration, photoacoustic–ultrasound probes, fiber‑optic pressure/temperature sensing integrated with imaging.
- Combining hemodynamics and imaging: 4D‑flow MRI and CT‑based CFD for planning endovascular repair; linking wall stress, flow, and imaging biomarkers to outcomes.
- AI for fusion and precision: deformable registration, motion compensation, multimodal radiomics, predictive modeling, and digital twins for vascular interventions.
- Targeted theranostics: image‑guided drug delivery, molecularly targeted embolics/ablation, and imaging readouts of local biological response.
- Peri‑procedural safety and quality: radiation/dose management in combined protocols; contrast stewardship; intra‑op decision support.
- Validation frameworks: phantom standards, reproducibility, FAIR data sharing and benchmarking pipelines; economic and health‑equity analyses.
- Translational models and first‑in‑human pathways: from large‑animal platforms to early clinical feasibility and multicenter learnings.

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Hybrid Vascular Imaging: Pioneering Integrated Modalities for Next-Gen Diagnostic Precision