The science of low-carbon fuel combustion is rapidly evolving as the global community accelerates the transition toward sustainable and carbon-neutral energy systems. As climate change poses an increasingly urgent challenge, renewable and low-carbon alternatives—such as biomass, ammonia, and hydrogen—are gaining significant attention. Despite their promise, many critical questions remain regarding the combustion behavior of these fuels, including unique flame dynamics, ignition characteristics, and pollutant formation mechanisms.

Recent advances in experimental diagnostics and high-fidelity numerical simulations have provided new frameworks to observe and predict combustion phenomena. However, challenges persist in bridging fundamental discoveries with practical applications, particularly in achieving cleaner, more efficient, and stable combustion processes under real-world operating conditions. To address these gaps, continued efforts are required to develop predictive models, optimize combustion system designs, and implement effective emission mitigation strategies.

This Research Topic aims to promote the understanding and application of high-efficiency, low-emission combustion processes for low-carbon fuels. We seek contributions that advance both the fundamental science and practical deployment of combustion technologies involving hydrogen, ammonia, biomass, and related fuel systems. Key areas of interest include, but are not limited to:

• Experimental investigation of combustion dynamics and flame stability in low-carbon fuels;

• Mechanistic studies of pollutant formation and reduction techniques;

• High-efficiency combustion process design and performance optimization;

• Application and advancement of optical and laser-based diagnostics in combustion research;

• Development, validation, and comparison of advanced numerical models, including CFD approaches;

• Integration of laboratory- and pilot-scale findings to enable industrial-scale implementation.

By combining experimental, numerical, and applied research perspectives, this Research Topic aims to foster innovation in clean and efficient low-carbon fuel utilization, contributing to the broader goals of emission reduction and sustainable energy transition.

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Advancing Clean Combustion and Emission Mitigation in Low-Carbon Fuel Systems