The expanding use of Ultrasound (US) in assessing body composition has significant implications for managing obesity and its related comorbidities. Traditionally, obesity and metabolic syndrome have been assessed using DEXA scans or BIA, which only provide limited information about different fat deposits and muscular mass. Recent studies have demonstrated US as a valuable tool to quantify various abdominal fat layers, such as preperitoneal, omental, and perirenal fat, with direct links to cardiovascular and metabolic risks. Emerging research is also showcasing epicardial fat as a cardiovascular risk marker, further emphasizing the clinical significance of US. Moreover, US offers potential advancements in defining sarcopenia, particularly in non-malnourished patients, by measuring muscle thickness and architecture.

This Research Topic aims to broaden the clinical use of US in evaluating body composition, beyond the simple quantification of fat and muscle mass. Despite the proven efficacy of US in assessing specific fat depots tied to cardiovascular and metabolic concerns, it remains underutilized. The existing gold standards—such as DEXA and BIA—fail to provide insights into the nuanced fat segregation and muscle architecture that US can offer. With the rise of innovative anti-obesity drugs boasting cardiovascular benefits, accurately targeting fat depots and redefining sarcopenic parameters in obese populations could enhance patient outcomes significantly.

Focusing on these advancements in US-based assessments, the scope of this Research Topic seeks to gather insights on global integrations of US methodologies in clinical practice, highlighting their potential as comprehensive diagnostic tools. We welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:

- Integration of body fat and muscle metrics via ultrasound

- Role of ultrasound in cardiovascular risk assessment

- Clinical significance of differentiating fat depots

- Novel ultrasound methodologies in obesity management

- Redefining sarcopenia in the context of obesity

We welcome various article types, including but not limited to Original Research, Review, Mini-Review, or Methods.

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Re-defining Body Composition Assessment in Clinical Practice: The Role of Ultrasound