Nanobiotechnology is rapidly reshaping the landscape of biomedical sciences by offering novel methodologies for disease diagnosis, targeted treatment, and personalized healthcare. Recent years have witnessed the evolution of advanced smart nanomaterials, spanning targeted drug delivery vehicles, highly specific imaging agents, and adaptive nanosystems sensitive to disease microenvironments. These advancements have significantly mitigated many limitations of traditional therapies, particularly regarding side effects and therapeutic inefficacies in complex diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Despite the impressive progress, crucial questions remain about how to achieve reliable, safe, and clinically translatable use of these nanotechnologies. Ongoing research continues to probe the biocompatibility, scalability, and functional interactions of these materials inside biological systems, with significant findings emerging around improved targeting, controlled release capabilities, and integrated diagnostic-therapeutic (theranostic) functions. Nevertheless, challenges related to clinical translation—particularly concerning large-scale manufacturing, in vivo safety, and the comprehensive understanding of bio-nano interfaces—persist, underscoring the need for further interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation.

This Research Topic aims to showcase breakthrough research that addresses the scientific and technical barriers impeding the successful application of advanced nanobiotechnology in biomedicine. The primary goal is to highlight the development of next-generation intelligent nanosystems that can efficiently overcome biological barriers, reduce off-target effects, and enable precise theranostics for various diseases. We particularly invite studies advancing the rational design of smart nanomaterials, leveraging convergent technologies (including artificial intelligence, computational modeling, and bioengineering), and elucidating biological mechanisms foundational to improving nanomedicine safety and efficacy. By focusing on innovative strategies with clear translational potential, this Research Topic aspires to bridge the gap between laboratory-based discoveries and real-world clinical applications.

To gather further insights into the frontiers and constraints of advanced nanobiotechnology in biomedical applications, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
o Smart and biodegradable nanomaterial design for drug delivery and biocompatibility enhancement
o Engineering multi-functional nanoplatforms for theranostics
o Biological effects, biosafety, and in vivo behavior of nano-biomaterials
o Nanobiosensors and their roles in diagnostics and disease monitoring
o Interdisciplinary methodologies for rational design and predictive modeling of nanomedicines
o Integration of artificial intelligence in nanomedicine development
We invite submissions in the following categories: Review, Mini Review, Original Research, Perspective, and Methods.

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Biomedical Applications of Advanced Nanobiotechnology