Interactions Between Diets, Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolism

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Editorial

22 July 2020

Editorial: Diets, Gut Microbiota, and Host Metabolism

Jie Yin

,

Liwei Xie

,

Yuheng Luo

and

Helieh S. Oz

3,211 views

1 citations

Editors

4

College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University

Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Science

Sichuan Agricultural University

University of Kentucky

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There are about 500–1000 species of gut microorganisms in humans and the adult gut consists of approximately 100 trillion bacterial cells. Microbial density is established very rapidly in the gut of the newborn and drives stabilization of the normal commensal microbiota. Also, gut microbiota exhibit a linear dose response to dietary perturbations, taking an average of 3.5 days for each diet-responsive bacterial group to reach a new steady state. Besides digestion and metabolism of dietary and host components, the gut microbiota has an important influence on host physiological, nutritional and immunological processes, and commensal bacteria are able to modulate the expression of host genes that regulate diverse and fundamental physiological functions. In turn, host metabolism can also shape gut microbiota by controlling fecal MicroRNA and metabolic phenotypes. Thus, there is great interest in identifying the interactions between diet, gut microbiota, and host metabolism, which will help to unveil the mechanisms of dietary approaches to improve human health via an intentional and predictable modulation of the microbiota. In this Research Topic, we welcome the contribution of Original Research articles as well as Reviews on the field.

There are about 500–1000 species of gut microorganisms in humans and the adult gut consists of approximately 100 trillion bacterial cells. Microbial density is established very rapidly in the gut of the newborn and drives stabilization of the normal commensal microbiota. Also, gut microbiota exhibit a linear dose response to dietary perturbations, taking an average of 3.5 days for each diet-responsive bacterial group to reach a new steady state. Besides digestion and metabolism of dietary and host components, the gut microbiota has an important influence on host physiological, nutritional and immunological processes, and commensal bacteria are able to modulate the expression of host genes that regulate diverse and fundamental physiological functions. In turn, host metabolism can also shape gut microbiota by controlling fecal MicroRNA and metabolic phenotypes. Thus, there is great interest in identifying the interactions between diet, gut microbiota, and host metabolism, which will help to unveil the mechanisms of dietary approaches to improve human health via an intentional and predictable modulation of the microbiota. In this Research Topic, we welcome the contribution of Original Research articles as well as Reviews on the field.

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Editors

College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University

Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Science

Sichuan Agricultural University

University of Kentucky

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Published In

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Frontiers in Nutrition

Nutrition and Microbes, Gastrointestinal Sciences, Food Microbiology

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Frontiers in Physiology

Gastrointestinal Sciences

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Frontiers in Microbiology

Food Microbiology, Microbial Symbioses, Systems Microbiology

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Frontiers in Marine Science

Microbial Symbioses

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Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Systems Microbiology

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