ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Sleep
Sec. Sleep and Breathing
Volume 4 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/frsle.2025.1639626
This article is part of the Research TopicNovel technologies in the diagnosis and management of sleep-disordered breathing: Volume IIIView all 15 articles
Concentrated micro choice-based treatment for type 2 diabetes wais associated with decreased risk of sleep apnoea, less daytime sleepiness and lower insomnia symptoms. A non-randomized pre – post pilot study
Provisionally accepted
Ane Wilhelmsen-Langeland1,2*
Karsten Amund Olson3
Markus Rød Kjøde3
Sigurd Hystad4
Gerd Kvale5Eirik Søfteland5- 1Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- 2Hogskulen pa Vestlandet Institutt for helse- og omsorgsvitskap, Bergen, Norway
- 3Universitetet i Bergen Klinisk institutt 1, Bergen, Norway
- 4Universitetet i Bergen Institutt for samfunnspsykologi, Bergen, Norway
- 5Safe choice clinic & research, Bergen, Norway
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Aims: Type 2 diabetes and sleep disorders are closely connected. We have evaluated a 4-day concentrated transdiagnostic, micro choice-based and interdisciplinary group treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes, with the aim of improving patient activation. We wanted to explore whether sleep problems would decrease after this intervention. Methods: Patients were assessed pre – post the intervention by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Bergen Insomnia Scale (BIS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) at baseline, 3-, 6-and 12 months follow-up, to measure symptoms related to insomnia, Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) and daytime sleepiness. 75 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in our sample. Results: At baseline, 41% and 25% had symptoms of insomnia, as defined by the BIS and ISI, respectively. Another 56% were likely to suffer from OSA using the BQ. At follow-up, the intervention was associated with reduction in symptoms of sleep disorders, and the reduction was still significant at 12 months follow-up. Conclusions: Although the study was not designed to disentangle how much of the improvement was due to sleep education and medication, the outcome still shows the usefulness of the format also in terms of sleep disorders in type 2 diabetes. Key words: Type 2 diabetes; sleep apnoea; insomnia; concentrated treatment Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT05234281
Keywords: type 2 diabetes, Sleep apnoea, insomnia, Concentrated treatment, Sleep
Received: 02 Jun 2025; Accepted: 26 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Wilhelmsen-Langeland, Olson, Kjøde, Hystad, Kvale and Søfteland. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Ane Wilhelmsen-Langeland, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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