ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Reprod. Health
Sec. Andrology
Volume 7 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/frph.2025.1601354
Enhancing Penile Function: The Impact of a Regenerative Multimodal Protocol on Erectile Dysfunction
Provisionally accepted
Andrés Soto-Rodríguez*
Carla Pastora-Sesin
Juan Antonio Valverde-EspinozaSergio Campos-SanchezMassimiliano Mauro-StamatiVincent GiampapaVictor UrzolaJose Rojas-Solano- The Regeneratie medicine institute, San Jose, Costa Rica
Select one of your emails
You have multiple emails registered with Frontiers:
Notify me on publication
Please enter your email address:
If you already have an account, please login
You don't have a Frontiers account ? You can register here
Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a prevalent condition impacting men's quality of life and is often linked to cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Conventional treatments like phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors could be ineffective for severe cases, indicating a need for innovative approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a multimodal protocol combining low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST), intrapenile and intravenous umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSCs) therapy, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in men with ED. A retrospective pragmatic observational study was performed by reviewing medical records of 22 men treated at a private clinic in Costa Rica. Erectile function was measured using the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) questionnaire before treatment and three months post-treatment. Results: The protocol significantly improved SHIM scores, with a mean increase of 3 points from baseline (p = 0.0017). No major adverse events were reported during follow-up. Conclusion: The multimodal protocol demonstrated a significant improvement in erectile function with a favorable safety profile, suggesting potential as a viable option for patients with ED. Further prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings.
Keywords: Erectile Dysfunction, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, shock wave therapy, HyperbaricOxygenation, Regenerative Medicine
Received: 27 Mar 2025; Accepted: 29 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Soto-Rodríguez, Pastora-Sesin, Valverde-Espinoza, Campos-Sanchez, Mauro-Stamati, Giampapa, Urzola and Rojas-Solano. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Andrés Soto-Rodríguez, The Regeneratie medicine institute, San Jose, Costa Rica
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.