ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Built Environ.
Sec. Earthquake Engineering
Volume 11 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fbuil.2025.1638961
Development of a Method for Optimal Location of Emergency Water Reservoirs for FFE Suppression Using AHP and GIS
Provisionally accepted
- 1KN Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- 2Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq
- 3UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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This article proposes a method for the optimal location of emergency water reservoirs for the fires following earthquakes (FFE) suppression. The identification of locations for constructing emergency water reservoirs for the suppression of fires is considered one of the key factors in FFE crisis management strategies to reduce financial and human losses. For this purpose, previous studies have not provided a comprehensive model. In this study, a method is presented that considers potential damages following earthquakes, accessibility conditions, and economic considerations to select the most suitable areas for the placement of these reservoirs as initial locations. Based on operational needs in post-earthquake conditions and the relevant literature, the main influential criteria and distance classes are determined. Then, using the AHP and GIS methods, the influential criteria and distance classes are weighted, and a map of optimal locations for the placement of emergency water reservoirs is prepared. The proposed method was implemented in Tehran, resulting in an optimal location map for emergency water reservoirs dedicated to the suppression of FFF. Results indicated that Location reservoirs at distances of less than 4000 meters simultaneously from major routes, fire stations, and commercial, industrial, and therapeutic centers ensures that fire engines can access the reservoirs in under 10 minutes even under worst-case conditions. Moreover, placing the tanks at optimally chosen Locations (within 800 meters) reduces the access time to below 2 minutes.
Keywords: Fire following earthquake, Optimal location, Emergency Water Reservoirs, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), Geographic information system (GIS)
Received: 31 May 2025; Accepted: 24 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Tanoumand, Mashayekhi, Majdi and S. Ramadan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Ali Majdi, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq
Mona S. Ramadan, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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