ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Built Environ.
Sec. Construction Materials
Regression Based Evaluation of Flexural Response of Reinforced Concrete Beams made with Sustainable Electrical Insulator Waste
Provisionally accepted
- Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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Use of sustainable industrial wastes composites in reinforced concrete structural applications will lead to Eco-friendly environment. The aim of present study is evaluating the regression based flexural response of reinforced concrete beams by using ceramic electrical insulator waste as a substitute for cement and aggregate. The assessment of flexural behavior is presented in this paper from bending stress, deflection, and crack width measurements. The details of an experimental program suitably designed and tested to evaluate the responses of reinforced insulator concrete beams (flexure, shear and bond types) and to generate the regression modelling. The results indicate that, in comparison to reference beams (M1 F, M1 B & M1 S), the bending stress of flexure (M4 F), bond (M4 B), and shear (M4 S) reinforced insulator concrete beams were increased to 17.41%, 13.52%, and 27.77%, respectively. The deflection values of flexure (M4 F), bond (M4 B), and shear (M4 S) reinforced insulator concrete beams were reduced to 10%, 8%, and 17%, respectively compared to reference beams (M1 F, M1 B & M1 S). In the same way, the crack width of flexure (M4 F), bond (M4 B), and shear (M4 S) reinforced insulator concrete beams were reduced to 35%, 34.72%, and 35.07%, respectively compared to reference beams (M1 F, M1 B & M1 S). The difference between regression and experimentally predicted results shows less than 4% error. The regression predicted R2 values were more than 97%. The regression correlation reveals that there exists a close relationship among the bending stress, deflection and crack width in the first crack stage, service stage, yield stage and ultimate stage. The obtained sustainability factors like energy consumption (Ec = 3521.78 MJ/m3), CO2 emission reduction (CO2e = 781.37 kg/m3) and cost benefit of 24.41% were benefits the study. Overall, experimental findings aligned well with regression prediction and also demonstrate that insulator waste can be utilized to produce sustainable and cost-effective reinforced concrete without compromising structural performance.
Keywords: Insulator Waste1, Reinforced Concrete2, Flexural Behavior3, Regression Analysis4, Sustainability Analysis5, Cost Analysis6
Received: 22 Aug 2025; Accepted: 23 Oct 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 R and Saya Kannappan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Sekar Saya Kannappan, sksekar@vit.ac.in
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