REVIEW article
Front. Med. Technol.
Sec. Regenerative Technologies
Volume 7 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmedt.2025.1565810
This article is part of the Research TopicArtificial Organs, Cell and Tissue Engineering: Progress, Current Challenges, Methods, and Protocols in Regenerative MedicineView all articles
Titled: Biomaterials in Tissue Repair and Regeneration: Key Insights from Extracellular Matrix Biology
Provisionally accepted
- 1Department of Basic Sciences and Health, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences,, Sarab East Azerbaijan, Iran
- 2Komar University of Sciences and Technology, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- 3School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves as a dynamic biological framework that orchestrates cellular behavior through biomechanical and biochemical cues, playing a pivotal role in tissue homeostasis and repair. Despite significant advancements in biomaterial design, current regenerative strategies often fail to fully replicate the ECM's complexity, leading to suboptimal healing outcomes. This review comprehensively examines ECM biology and its application in biomaterial engineering, highlighting structural-functional relationships, integrin-mediated signaling, and ECM remodeling mechanisms in wound healing. We analyze diverse biomaterial classes-including ECM-based scaffolds, synthetic polymers, natural biomaterials, bioceramics, and composites-focusing on their design principles, fabrication techniques, degradation profiles, and clinical applications. Key challenges such as immunogenicity, vascularization, mechanical mismatch, and regulatory hurdles are critically evaluated. Innovations in decellularization, biofunctionalization, and advanced manufacturing (e.g., 3D bioprinting, electrospinning) are discussed as promising avenues to enhance biomimicry and therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, we explore clinically approved ECM-derived products and underscore the need for standardized protocols to bridge translational gaps. By integrating emerging research with clinical perspectives, this review provides a roadmap for developing next-generation ECM-inspired biomaterials that address unmet needs in regenerative medicine, emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration to optimize safety, functionality, and patient outcomes.
Keywords: Extracellular Matrix, Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine, Biomaterials, Decellularization, 3D bioprinting, integrin signaling, Wound Healing
Received: 23 Jan 2025; Accepted: 28 Jul 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Abolhasani, Ahmadi, Rostami, Baravar and Fattahi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Sakhavat Abolhasani, Department of Basic Sciences and Health, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences,, Sarab East Azerbaijan, Iran
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.