REVIEW article
Front. Nephrol.
Sec. Kidney Transplantation
Improving kidney transplant care through the application of Continuous Glucose Monitoring - A narrative review
Provisionally accepted
- 1Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
- 2PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
- 3King Fahad Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- 4Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- 5Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is used more frequently among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including those undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. However, there is a lack of information and evidence regarding CGM use in kidney transplantation (KT). Dysglycaemia is commonly observed in the transplant setting; often complicated by impaired kidney function with fluctuating glomerular filtration rates and competing influences of diabetogenic immunosuppressants, perioperative surgical stress and transplant-related complications. This narrative review, the first of its kind, examines the utility, accuracy, efficacy and clinical outcomes of CGM in KT patients. It also addresses specific transplant-related issues that may necessitate future CGM usage and highlights knowledge gaps to inform future research directions.
Keywords: Continuous glucose monitoring, CGM, Kidney transplant, Kidney failure, Diabetes Mellitus, Post-transplant diabetes mellitus, artificial intelligence
Received: 18 May 2025; Accepted: 05 Nov 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Tan, Khalil, Avari and Leelarathna. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Jackson Tan, drjacksontan@yahoo.co.uk
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