Association of triglyceride-glucose index and its combinations with sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults: based on the Chongqing Aging and Sarcopenia Evaluation (CHASE) cohort

Xinyu Yu¹Siqi Jiang¹Zhiyu Chen²Keke Ren¹Shan Li¹Yetao Luo³Deqing Chen⁴Qinghua Zhao^1*Huanhuan Huang^1*

• ¹Department of Nursing, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
• ²Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
• ³Department of Nosocomial Infection Control, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, chongqing, China
• ⁴Depart of Endocrinology, Rongchang People's Hospital, Chongqing, China

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index serves as an alternative index for assessing insulin resistance (IR). The relationship between the TyG index and its combined indicators and sarcopenia remains insufficiently explored.To investigate the association between the TyG index and its combined parameters and sarcopenia.This cross-sectional study encompassed 792 community-dwelling older adults from the Chongqing Aging and Sarcopenia Evaluation (CHASE) cohort. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the TyG index and its combined parameters, which include the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), triglyceride glucose-calf girth (TyG-CG), triglyceride glucose-waist circumference (TyG-WC), and triglyceride glucose-waist-to-hip ratio (TyG-WHR). The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to assess the diagnostic effect of each index. The integrated discrimination improvement index (IDI) and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were applied to compare the diagnostic efficacy among the indices.The TyG index and its combined parameters demonstrated a significant correlation with the risk of sarcopenia(P＜0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the TyG index in predicting the risk of sarcopenia was 0.623 (95% confidence interval: 0.570 to 0.675). Notably, composite parameters incorporating the TyG index showed enhanced predictive performance. Specifically, TyG-BMI showing the highest AUC of 0.892 (95% confidence interval: 0.860 to 0.924), indicating its strong predictive potential. Furthermore, the diagnostic efficacy of TyG-BMI was superior to that of all other indicators in both the IDI and NRI.The TyG index demonstrates diagnostic potential for sarcopenia identification, with significantly enhanced accuracy when combined with other parameters. Among them, TyG-BMI is a robust sarcopenia risk predictor due to its superior predictive power.The correlation between sarcopenia and insulin resistance (IR) has been confirmed. As a simple surrogate marker for IR, the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its combined parameters with sarcopenia remains unclear. This study is based on the Chongqing Aging and Sarcopenia Evaluation (CHASE) cohort, and the results show a significant correlation between the TyG index and sarcopenia, with its combined parameters further enhancing diagnostic accuracy.Among them, the TyG-BMI demonstrated the highest diagnostic efficacy and superior predictive power for risk.