ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Physiol.
Sec. Metabolic Physiology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1626215
Profiling Bile Acid Composition in Bile from Mouse of Different Ages and Sexes
Provisionally accepted
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Bile acids (BAs) are the main components of bile, playing important roles in regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and maintaining homeostasis. As commonly used experimental animals, it's important to identify the BA composition in mice bile. In our study, BAs in the bile from healthy, ageand sex-matched mice (8-week-old and 60-week-old) were quantified using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UPLC-TQ-MS). The bile BA profiles were compared across different ages and sexes, as well as within the same sex at different ages. The results showed that total BAs (TBAs) and BA profiles were similar between the two ages. However, TBAs in female mice were higher than in male mice at both ages. The high concentrations of BAs, such as tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA) and tauro-ω-muricholic acid (TωMCA), contributed significantly to the observed sex differences at both ages. Additionally, both high-and lowconcentration BAs were regulated with increasing age in males while only low-concentration BAs were modulated with ages in females. These findings implied that males experience more bile composition changes compared to females with increasing physiological age. Furthermore, remarkable sex difference in total cholesterol (TC) was observed, along with a significant negative association between TC and BA profiles. The results also suggested that physiological differences in BAs related to sex and age should be considered when selecting suitable animals for pharmaceutical research.
Keywords: ：bile, Bile acid, Sex, age, Mouse
Received: 10 May 2025; Accepted: 18 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Liu, Zhao, Qu, Ge, Li, Jia and Zhao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Aihua Zhao, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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