ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Physiol.
Sec. Skeletal Physiology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1649477
Correlation Analysis of Osteoporosis and Vertebral Endplate Defects Using CT and MRI Imaging: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Provisionally accepted
- Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Background: Osteoporosis (OP) and vertebral endplate defects are important manifestations of vertebral degenerative changes that greatly affect the quality of life of elderly people. This study investigated the potential association between vertebral endplate defects and osteoporosis using imaging modalities. Methods: Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bone mineral density (BMD) and other relevant imaging data, as well as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and degree of low back pain data, were retrospectively analysed. The vertebral Hounsfield unit (HU) value and the maximum width and maximum depth of the vertebral endplate defect were measured and standardized. A HU <110 was defined as OP. Logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors for vertebral endplate defects. Results: Demographic data from a total of 199 patients were included in this study, along with data from 995 vertebral bodies. The relationships between the HU value and other data between the vertebral body defect group and the nonvertebral body defect group were compared. We found significant differences in age (70.6±8.4 vs. 63.8±9.5, p<0.001), sex (male/female) (26/69 vs. 43/61, p<0.05), BMI (23.8±3.4 vs. 24.8±3.4, p<0.05), and total spine HUs (84.65±35.49 vs. 124.86±49.59, p<0.001).The lower HU group had larger endplate defects (p<0.001, p<0.01), and the lower endplates had a greater standardized defect width and cumulative defect score than the upper endplates (p<0.01). There were statistically significant associations between endplate defects and age (OR=1.0, p=0.042) and total spine HUs (OR=0.98, p=0.001). Conclusion: There was a correlation between OP and the size of the vertebral endplate defect, and the defect size increased with decreasing bone mass. According to our results, vertebral endplate defects are more likely to occur in elderly individuals, females, and individuals with OP. With respect to the spinal structure, vertebral endplate defects are more likely to occur in the upper lumbar spine. Age and bone mass are the main factors associated with vertebral endplate defects.
Keywords: Osteoporosis, bone mineral density, Vertebral endplate defects, HU Value, MRI
Received: 18 Jun 2025; Accepted: 18 Aug 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Song. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Hao Song, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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