ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Physiol.
Sec. Invertebrate Physiology
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1693654
RNAi-based functional analysis of a theta-class glutathione S-transferase implicated in deltamethrin detoxification in Pardosa astrigera (Araneae: Lycosidae)
Provisionally accepted
Rui Li1,2,3*Liyalin Jiao1,2
Shuxin Zhai1,2Xingjie Jin1,2Congcong Cui1,2Boqi Ren1,2Xinghua Zhang1,2Fangyu Shen1,2Min Ma1,2Michael A Rieger3
Xinmin Li3- 1Shanxi Agricultural University College of Plant Protection, Jinzhong, China
- 2Shanxi Agricultural University Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Jinzhong, China
- 3Technology Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
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To investigate the molecular characteristics and biological function of the glutathione S-transferase gene PaGSTt1 in Pardosa astrigera, the gene was cloned via RT-PCR based on transcriptome data and analyzed using bioinformatics tools. RT-qPCR was employed to assess PaGSTt1 expression across developmental stages (2nd–6th instar nymphs and adults), tissues (cephalothorax, abdomen, and legs), and in response to deltamethrin exposure. Additionally, RNAi was employed to knock down PaGSTt1(the GenBank accession numbers is PV848051.1) in male spiders, and subsequent changes in deltamethrin susceptibility were evaluated. The results indicated that PaGSTt1 contains a 678 bp open reading frame encoding 225 amino acids. PaGSTt1 was expressed at all developmental stages, with significantly higher expression in 5th instar nymphs. Among adult tissues, expression was highest in the abdomen and generally higher in males than females. Upon exposure to LC₁₀ (5.151 mg/L) deltamethrin, PaGSTt1 expression was significantly upregulated at 6 h and 48 h. Under LC₃₀ (8.619 mg/L) stress, induction occurred at 48 h, and at LC₅₀ (12.311 mg/L), significant upregulation was detected at 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h. RNAi effectively silenced PaGSTt1, reducing expression by 78.69% after 24 h. Following RNAi, male spiders exposed to LC₃₀ deltamethrin exhibited a 34.54% increase in mortality compared to the dsGFP control group. These findings suggest that PaGSTt1 plays an important role in the detoxification of deltamethrin in P. astrigera, and may contribute to pesticide tolerance mechanisms in this species.
Keywords: Pardosa astrigera, Glutathione S-transferase, detoxification, Deltamethrin, RNAi
Received: 27 Aug 2025; Accepted: 22 Sep 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Li, Jiao, Zhai, Jin, Cui, Ren, Zhang, Shen, Ma, Rieger and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Rui Li, ruili@mednet.ucla.edu
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